1950-2018年山西省布鲁氏菌病病原学特征分析

Etiological characteristics of Brucella strains isolated in Shanxi, 1950–2018

目的系统分析1950-2018年山西省布鲁氏菌病病原学特征,为深入分析布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特征提供参考信息。方法对全省69年间检出布鲁氏菌资料按照1950-1981、1982-1991和1992-2018年3个阶段特别对分离到布鲁氏菌按照时间、地区、宿主材料分离情况及优势菌株进行统计分析。结果 1950-2018年山西省从5种宿主的不同材料中分离到牛、羊、猪种3种共417株布鲁氏菌,其中羊种布鲁氏菌331株、牛种1株、猪种1株、布鲁氏菌非典型菌株1株、未定种83株。结论山西省是羊种为主的羊、牛、猪种布鲁氏菌混合疫区,1950-1981、1982-1991年以羊1型、羊2型为优势菌种演变为当前以羊种3型为优势菌种,羊种布鲁氏菌可能有宿主转移现象。

Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shanxi province from 1950 to 2018 and provide evidence for the further analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis. Methods The analysis was conducted on the information of the Brucella strains isolated in different areas and from different host samples in Shanxi province during 1950–1981, 1982–1991 and 1992–2018. Results From 1950 to 2018, a total of 417 Brucella strains, i.e. 331 B. melitensis strains, 1 B. abortus strain, 1 B. suis strain, 1 atypical Brucella strain and 83 unspecific Brucella strains, were isolated from different samples of 5 hosts in Shanxi. Conclusion Shanxi Province is a mixed spread area of B. melitensis,B. abortus and B. suis. From 1950 to 1981 and from 1982 to 1991, the predominant species of Brucella were B. melitensis 1 and B. melitensis 2, and the predominant species of Brucella was B. melitensis 3 during 1992–2018. It was found that some strains of B. melitensis were isolated from deer rather than sheep and goats, suggesting the possible host shifting of B. melitensis.