国土空间规划体系下的“多规合一”探讨与展望

Function of “Multi-Plan Integration” in Territorial Spatial Planning System

从城市规划到城乡规划的发展过程中,“多规合一”经历了自发探索的初级阶段、全国响应的中级阶段、机构改革的高级阶段后,当前处于新旧交替的转折点,已经成为贯穿于国土空间规划体系全过程的框架。国土空间规划编制必须发挥“多规合一”的规划整合机制,依托“多规合一”信息平台促进规划审批和技术体系的改革创新,建立整体与分步有机结合的“多规合一”实施体系,最终实现一张蓝图干到底,实时动态更新的目标。新时期的国土空间规划编制中,“多规合一”将以全局性的战略眼光统筹规划内容,推进生态文明建设进程;注重多学科融合,为新型城镇化建设提供有力支撑;编制“多规合一”实用性村庄规划,促进城乡融合,助力乡村振兴。

A t p resent,C hina’s e conomy h as s hifted f rom a s tage o f h igh-speed g rowth t o a stage of high-quality development.It is more important to control the bottom line and enhance efficiency in spatial resource allocation and fine-grained management of territorial spaces.However,the current planning system in China has a situation of multiple co-existence and confusion,which leads to wasted social resources,low efficiency of space management and unhealthy development of the economy and society.“Multi-plan integration”integrates all kinds of planning related to space use into one blueprint,which provides a comprehensive idea for solving the problems resulted from the technical system,management system and institutional system in the current planning system.In the process of evolution from urban planning to urban and rural planning,“multi-plan integration”has gone through three stages.The early stage is characterized by spontaneous exploration.Various plans are coordinated and connected according to the requirements of laws and regulations.However,due to the vague operational details,they are often unable to be followed.In the second stage,although“multiplan integration”receives a nationwide response,it is not deep enough because of the lack of mechanism guarantee.In the third stage,that is,at present,“multi-plan integration”has become a framework throughout the whole process of territorial spatial planning where“multiplan integration”plays a key role in building the new space planning system and rely on the information platform to facilitate planning implementation for the goal of dynamic updating of a blueprint.Although the“multi-plan integration”is different from territorial spatial planning in the proposed time,specific methods and development direction,their original mission,essential requirements and final vision are coincide,both of which are to build an orderly space planning system and realize a blueprint to the end.With the reform of national institutions and the promotion of ecological civilization construction,“multi-plan integration”,as a working method,is a platform and carrier for stitching up various spatial planning relationships,and runs through the whole process of territorial spatial planning.The prelude to the spatial planning reform triggered by the“multi-plan integration”has begun,and with the advancement of the five-level and three-type territorial space planning system,it has entered a golden age.“Multi-plan integration”will run through the entire process of territorial spatial planning,and play three roles in the overall advancement of work:means,process,and goals.“Multiplan integration”has become the core means of territorial space planning and the binder of all kinds of plans.On the basis of inheriting and developing all kinds of plans,“multi-plan integration”has been integrated into the new spatial planning system.“Multi-plan integration”is the implementation process of territorial spatial planning.Relying on the information platform of“multi-plan integration”,the implementation of territorial spatial planning is adjusted in time through the establishment of implementation steps and supervision feedback system combining the whole and distribution to ensure the smooth operation of the planning.“Multi-plan integration”is also the realistic goal of territorial spatial planning to achieve a blueprint,sustainable and dynamic renewal.In a narrow sense,territorial spatial planning itself is characterized by“multi-plan integration”,which has completed the mission of resolving planning conflicts,and fully integrated into the territorial spatial planning system to form its blood line.However,in the new era,“multi-plan integration”will be extended to water conservancy,municipal administration,transportation and other fields beyond the space planning from the broad sense.“Multi-plan integration”is the proper meaning of innovative green development.It is highly coordinated with the strategic goal of the new urbanization.Meanwhile,it is an important topic to promote planning transformation and sustainable development.The construction of new urbanization puts forward new requirements for the territorial spatial planning system,sticking to the urbanization of people as the core,establishing social equity thinking,narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas,promoting the overall development capacity and level,realizing the integration of urban and rural areas.This process is interdisciplinary,complexed and realistic.So it needs to strengthen the strong support of“multi-plan integration”,draw lessons from the previous“multi-plan integration”led by various departments,and start from the perspective of multi-discipline,multi-objective and more comprehensive.It is necessary to enhance the integration of multiple disciplines and multi-professional cooperation to provide strong support for the construction of new urbanization.The territorial spatial planning emphasizes the formulation of practical village planning with“multi-plan integration”beyond the boundaries of urban development,and the proper consideration of the integration of urban and rural areas in terms of configuration and standards.In other words,“multi-plan integration”is taken as a platform for the integration of urban and rural areas for comprehensive research to strengthen the unity of urban planning and rural planning,promote coordination in industrial agglomeration,infrastructure construction,ecological protection and other aspects,and realize the rational flow of urban and rural resources,boost rural revitalization and promote ecological progress.