柠条与玉米芯添加比例对西杂牛增重和血液生化指标的影响研究

Effects of caragana korshinskii and corncob on weight gain and blood biochemical parameters in Simmental hybrid cattle

为研究不同粗饲料组合对西杂牛日增重和血液生化指标的影响,试验采用完全随机试验设计,选择健康、体重相近的育肥牛30头,随机分为3个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复1头牛。3个处理分别是:试验1组:40%精料+10%苜蓿+20%秸秆+15%柠条+15%玉米芯;试验2组:40%精料+10%苜蓿+20%秸秆+30%柠条;对照组:40%精料+10%苜蓿+20%秸秆+30%玉米芯。结果表明:试验1组、试验2组、对照组平均日增重分别为1.44、1.36、1.32 kg,且试验1组和试验2组分别比对照组提高9.09%、3.03%,各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。总蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白水平,试验1组显著高于试验2组和对照组(P<0.05),而其他两组间差异不显著(P>0.05);尿素氮水平,试验1组显著低于试验2组和对照组(P<0.05),而其他组间差异不显著(P>0.05);碱性磷酸酶以对照组最高,为110.50 U/l,显著高于试验1组和试验2组(P<0.05),且试验1组与试验2组无显著差异(P>0.05)。血糖、钙、磷水平各组均差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑西杂牛日增重和血液生化指标,试验1组能够提高肉牛日增重,改善血清总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白水平,降低尿素氮、碱性磷酸酶水平,并维持机体正常生理功能。说明饲喂以40%精料+10%苜蓿+20%秸秆+15%柠条+15%玉米芯的全混合日粮组合效果最优。

In order to study the effects of different roughage combinations on daily weight gain and blood biochemical indexes of Simmental hybrid cattle, 30 healthy fattening cattle with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments, with 10 replicates for each treatment and1 cow for each replicate. The three treatments were test group 1: 40% concentrates +10% alfalfa +20% straw +15% caragana korshinskii +15% corncob;Test group 2: 40% concentrates +10% alfalfa +20% straw +30% caragana;Control group: 40%concentrates + 10% alfalfa + 20% straw + 30%corncob. The results showed that the average daily weight gain of test group 1, test group 2 and control group was 1.44 kg, 1.36 kg and 1.32 kg,respectively, and the average daily weight gain of test group 1 and test group 2 was 9.09% and3.03% higher than that of control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05). The levels of total protein, globulin and albumin in group 1 were significantly higher than that in group 2 and control group(P<0.05), while the differences between the other two groups were not significant(P<0.05). Urea nitrogen level in test group 1 was significantly lower than that in test group 2 and control group(P<0.05), but the difference between other groups was not significant(P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase was the highest in the control group(110.50 U/l), which was significantly higher than that in the test group 1 and 2(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the test group 1 and 2(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in blood glucose, calcium and phosphorus levels among the groups(P>0.05). Taking the daily weight gain and blood biochemical indexes of Simmental hybrid cattle into consideration, group 1 could improve the daily weight gain of beef cattle, improve the serum levels of total protein, globulin and albumin, lower the levels of urea nitrogen and alkaline phosphatase, and maintain the normal physiological functions of the body. The results showed that the combination of 40% concentrates +10% alfalfa +20% straw +15% caragana korshinskii +15% corncob was the best.