电动汽车挤压铝合金新进展

New Progress in Extruded Aluminum Alloys for Electric Automobiles

近几年,随着节能减排的日趋严格,电动汽车得到了长足发展,而铝材作为轻量首选材料在电动汽车中的应用也日益增加。在全铝汽车用铝材与铝件中,按质量计算,其占比通常是平轧材占50%、挤压材占20%、铸件与压铸件占27%、锻件占3%。随着电动汽车需求的增长和碳零排放的要求,现有的挤压铝合金已不能很好地满足市场需求。为此,许多大的铝业公司纷纷加大了新型挤压铝合金的研发力度,并取得了可喜成绩。本文简要介绍了电动汽车的发展状况和国外主要铝企业在电动汽车用铝挤压合金中的研发成果,以及这些新材料在电动汽车中的应用情况。

In recent years,with the increasingly strict energy conservation and emission reduction,electric automobiles have made great progress,and the use of aluminum as the preferred lightweight material in electric automobiles is increasing.In aluminum materi⁃als for automobiles,the proportion is calculated according to the mass,as follows:flat rolled products accounted for 50%,extrusions ac⁃counted for 20%,castings and die castings accounted for 27%,forgings accounted for 3%.With the increase of electric vehicle demand and the zero emissionrequirement of new energy,the existing extruded aluminum alloy can not meet the market demand well.For this reason,many large aluminum companies have increased the research and development of new extruded aluminum alloy,and grati⁃fying results have been achieved.The development of electric automobiles and the research and development of aluminum extrusion alloys for electric vehicles by major aluminum enterprises abroad are briefly introduced in this paper,as well as the application of these new materials in electric automobiles.