改革开放以来中国特色扶贫道路：脉络梳理与经验总结

Road of Poverty Alleviation with Chinese Characteristics since Reform and Opening-up:Threads Sorting and Experience Summary

改革开放以来,中国成功开辟了一条中国特色反贫困道路,沿着这条道路,中国在国际减贫事业中取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。梳理中国特色反贫困道路的发展脉络,将这一历程可以划分为瞄准贫困区、瞄准贫困县、瞄准贫困村和瞄准贫困户等几个不同阶段。在长期的扶贫开发实践中,党和政府通过不断更新和转变扶贫理念、优化扶贫格局、下沉扶贫对象和调整扶贫目标,积累了丰富的反贫困经验。理解这一成功经验,可以从注重策略调整、注重环境改善、注重文化提升和注重内外结合等四个维度把握其要义。这些成功经验不仅为当前精准扶贫和精准脱贫工作提供了宝贵借鉴,还为全球贫困治理提供了中国经验和中国方案。

Since the reform and opening up,China has successfully opened up an anti-poverty road with Chinese characteristics.Along this road,China has obtained great achievements in the cause of international poverty elimination.To sort out the developmental threads of the anti-poverty road with Chinese characteristics,the article divides this process into the following stages:targeting at povertystricken areas,targeting at poverty-stricken counties,targeting at poverty-stricken villages and targeting at poverty-stricken households.In the long-term practice of poverty alleviation and development,the Party and the government have accumulated rich anti-poverty experience by constantly updating and changing poverty alleviation ideas,optimizing poverty alleviation framework,targeting downwards at poverty alleviation subjects and adjusting poverty alleviation goals.To understand this successful experience,we can master its essence from these fours aspects:attaching importance to strategy adjustment,attaching importance to environment improvement,attaching importance to cultural enhancement and attaching importance to the integration of the internal and the external.This successful experience not only provides valuable reference for the current work of targeted poverty alleviation and targeted lifting out of poverty,but also offers China’s experience and China’s approach for global poverty management.