基于Landsat数据的阿克苏市生态环境质量地带性分析

Zonation Analysis of Ecological Environmental Quality in Aksu Based on Landsat Data

【目的】区域生态环境质量是当今人类共同面对的重大问题。自2000年以来,自治区陆续开展了森林分类经营、退耕还林、特色林果产业等重大林业工程,保护和改善阿克苏市的生态环境质量关系南疆整体生态环境的平衡发展、南疆地区经济的可持续发展和全面建成小康社会目标的实现具有战略意义。【方法】本文以阿克苏市1992,2000,2016年3期Landsat系列遥感影像为基础,分别提取了不同时期阿克苏市及各乡镇生态环境质量指数RSEI,分析、探讨了阿克苏市及各个乡镇生态环境质量的地带性分布特征。【结果】①阿克苏市生态环境质量总体较差,1992-2000年呈下降趋势,随林业生态工程建设力度加大,2000-2016年呈上升趋势。1992-2016年间研究区生态环境质量表现为正向发展趋势。②阿克苏市生态环境质量表现出明显的地带性分布,硏究区中部偏北区域(托普鲁克乡、拜什吐格曼乡、喀勒塔勒镇)生态环境质量相对较好,而西北部(库木巴什乡和阿依库勒镇)与东部荒漠、沙漠区域生态环境质量相对较差。③1992.2000和2016年3个时期,研究区7个乡镇生态环境质量也表现为先下降后上升趋势。【结论】自治区大力开展林业工程对阿克苏市的生态环境改善起到重要作用。在阿克苏地区进行生态环境质量评价可据此为依据发现本地所存在的生态环境问题,从而增强该地生态环境保护与管理工作使阿克苏市生态环境质量在一定程度上得到提高,并改善阿克苏地区的生态安全和资源利用状况。

[Objective]The quality of regional ecological environment is a major problem facing humanity today.Since 2000,the autonomous region has successively carried out major forestry projects such as forest classification management,returning farmland to forests,and characteristic forestry and fruit industries,protecting and improving the ecological environment quality of Aksu city.The balanced development of the overall ecological environment in southern Xinjiang and the economic development of southern Xinjiang.The realization of sustainable development and the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way is of strategic significance.[Method]Based on the Landsat series of remote sensing images in 1992,2000 and 2016,the author analyzed the ecological environmental quality index RSEI of Aksu city and each township in different periods,and analyzed the ecological environmental quality of Aksu city and various townships Zonal distribution characteristics.[Result](i)The quality of the ecological environmental in Aksu city was generally poor,and it declined from 1992 to 2000.With the construction of forestry ecological engineering,it was increasing from 2000 to 2016.During the period from 1992 to 2016,the ecological environmental quality of the study area showed a positive trend.(五)The ecological environment quality of Aksu city showed a significant zonal distribution,and the ecological environment quality of the northern part of the study area(Topuluke township,Baishituge township and Kaletale town)was relatively good.The quality of the ecological environment in the desert and desert areas was relatively poor in the north-west ( Kumubashi township and Ayikule town). ( iii) During the three periods of 1992, 2000 and 2016, the ecological environmental quality of the seven townships in the study area also showed an upward trend. [ Conclusion ] The vigorous implementation of forestry projects in the autonomous region plays an important role in improving the ecological environment of Aksu city. Based on this, the assessment of the ecological environment quality in the Aksu area can be based on the discovery of local ecological and environmental problems, thereby enhancing the ecological environment protection and management of the area, which improves the ecological environment quality of Aksu city to a certain extent and improves the Aksu area ecological security and resource utilization.