突发性聋合并糖尿病患者的临床特征及预后分析

Clinical characteristics and prognosis analysis of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and diabetes mellitus

目的探讨突发性聋(突聋)合并糖尿病患者的临床特征及其预后。方法回顾性分析292例突聋患者的临床资料,根据是否合并糖尿病,分为糖尿病组(53例)和非糖尿病组(239例),对比分析两组患者的临床特征(性别、年龄、耳侧、病程、耳鸣及眩晕伴发率、听力损失程度和听力曲线类型)及听力预后。结果两组中性别、年龄、耳侧、病程和耳鸣及眩晕伴发率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在糖尿病组中听力损失程度以重度及极重度为主(75.47%),听力曲线以全聋型为主(50.94%),比例明显高于非糖尿病组(48.96%和30.54%),经比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,糖尿病组的总体有效率、痊愈率和显效率分别为43.40%、7.55%和11.32%,均低于非糖尿病组的76.15%、20.92%和25.94%,经比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论合并糖尿病的突聋患者听力损失程度往往较重,听力曲线以全聋型为主,治疗预后较差。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) and diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods The clinical data of 292 SSNHL patients were retrospectively analyzed. According to the SSNHL patients with and without diabetes mellitus, the 292 patients were divided into diabetic group(DM group, 53 cases) and non-diabetic group(non-DM group, 239 cases). The clinical characteristics was analyzed comparatively between the two groups, including the gender, age, side, course of disease, rate of tinnitus and vertigo, degree of hearing loss, audiogram configuration and recovery of the hearing function.Results There was no significant difference between 2 groups in terms of the gender, age, side, course of disease,incidence of tinnitus and vertigo(P>0.05). In the DM group, the degree of hearing loss was mainly severe-to-profound(75.47%), the incidence of the hearing curve was mainly total deafness(50.94%), which was significantly higher than that in the non-DM group(48.96% and 30.54%), and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05). In the DM group, the overall recovery rate, complete recovery rate and marked recovery rate were 43.40%、7.55% and 11.32%, respectively, which were all lower than that(76.15%、20.92% and 25.94%,P<0.05) in the non-DM group, and the differences were statistically significant(P< 0.05).Conclusion SSNHL patients with DM suffered a serve hearing loss, and the most audiograms were total deafness, the hearing prognosis was poor.