12份燕麦品种在阿鲁科尔沁旗地区的生产性能研究

Production performance of 12 oat varieties in the Aru kerqin banner

【目的】筛选适宜内蒙阿鲁科尔沁旗地区种植的燕麦品种。【方法】对12份燕麦(Avena sativa)品种的生育期、草产量、茎叶比、营养特性等进行测定和分析,并运用灰色关联度分析法对各品种的生产性能进行综合评价。【结果】12份供试燕麦品种均能在阿鲁科尔沁旗地区完成整个生育期,表现出较好的适应性,生育期为83~94 d,其中枪手的生育期最短(83 d),爱沃的生育期最长(94 d)。贝勒二代和牧王的株高均达到100 cm以上。枪手、贝勒二代和牧王的干草产量较高,分别为9.99,8.69和8.59 t/hm 2。贝勒二代的茎叶比最低(1.12),适口性最好;美达的茎叶比最高(3.19)。爱沃和贝勒二代的粗蛋白含量(质量分数)较高,分别为12.20%和11.90%;太阳神、贝勒二代和领袖的中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量较低,领袖和贝勒二代的相对饲喂价值较高。灰色关联度分析表明,综合评价排在前2位的燕麦品种为贝勒二代和牧王,其加权关联度分别为0.8382和0.7991。【结论】燕麦品种贝勒二代和牧王综合表现最好,适宜在阿鲁科尔沁旗地区推广种植。

【Objective】This study aimed to select special oat varieties suitable for planting in the Aru kerqin banner area.【Method】The growth period,grass yield,stem-to-leaf ratio and nutritional characteristics of 12 oats varieties were analyzed and the production performance of different varieties was evaluated with grey correlation analysis.【Result】All tested varieties had good adaptability to local environment with breeding period of 83 to 94 days.Among them,Gunners had the shortest growth period(83 d),while Aiwo had the longest growth period(94 d).The plant heights of BalerⅡand Haymaker all reached more than 100 cm.The hay yields of Gunners,BalerⅡand Haymaker were the highest of 9.99,8.69 and 8.59 t/hm 2,respectively.BaylorⅡhad the lowest stem-leaf ratio(1.12)and the best palatability,and Meida had the highest stem-leaf ratio(3.19).Aiwo and BalerⅡhad the highest crude protein contents(mass fraction)of 12.20%and 11.90%,respectively.The Titan,BalerⅡand Souris had low levels of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber,while Souris and BaylorⅡhad the highest feed value.According to the gray correlation analysis,BaylorⅡand Haymaker had the highest comprehensive evaluation with weighted correlations of 0.8382 and 0.7991,respectively.【Conclusion】BalerⅡand Haymaker had the best performance and were suitable for promotion and utilization in the Aru kerqin banner area.