我国养老金三支柱体系建设的历程、问题与建议

The Progress,Problems and Suggestions of the Three Pillars Pension System Construction in China

养老金三支柱体系的实质是政府、单位和个人三方共同承担养老责任,全球多个国家积极探索并建立了养老金三支柱体系。就我国的情况看,建立发展养老金三支柱体系是发展养老金融、积极应对人口老龄化的客观需要。目前,我国基本建立了养老金三支柱体系,并取得了明显成效,但我国养老金的积累过于依赖第一支柱,第二、第三支柱发展相对较慢。后续要进一步明确养老金三支柱体系的改革方向,不断推进养老金三支柱体系的发展,既要改革完善第一支柱基本养老金的筹集和管理,又要扩大第二支柱职业养老金的覆盖面,还要大力发展第三支柱个人储蓄养老计划。

The essence of the three pillars pension system is that the government,entity and individuals share the responsibility for providing for the aged.Many countries around the world have actively explored and established the three pillars pension system.As for China,the establishing the three pillars pension system is an objective requirement to develop ageing finance and actively respond to the problem of aging population.At present,China has basically established the three pillars pension system and achieved remarkable results,but the accumulation of pension in China relies too much on the first pillar,while the development of the second and third pillars is relatively slow.Later,it is needed to further clarify the reform direction of the three pillars pension system and continuously promote the development of the three pillars pension system.It is not only necessary to reform and boost the collection and management of the first pillar basic pension,but expand the coverage of the second pillar occupational pension and vigorously develop the third pillar personal savings pension plan.