中国国家大学科技园运行效率研究

Research on the Operational Efficiency of National University Science Park in China

大学科技园是通过集聚大学优势创新资源促进科技成果转化、推动高技术企业孵化、强化产学研合作的支撑服务平台,对区域经济发展和创新战略实施具有重要意义。以中国30个省级行政区的国家大学科技园为研究对象,运用数据包络分析(data evelopment analysis,DEA)和Malmquist生产率指数法分析2014—2017年国家大学科技园运行效率。研究结果表明:中国国家大学科技园整体平均效率较高,但各地区间的差异较大;规模效率过低是导致多数省区国家大学科技园运行效率DEA无效的主要原因;国家大学科技园全要素生产率呈逐年下降趋势,且下降幅度越来越大,技术进步是抑制全要素生产率提升的主要因素。据此,提出增强资源利用效率、提高技术进步贡献、加强政府宏观调控等发展建议。

The University Science and Technology Park is a supportive service platform that promotes the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,improves the incubation of high-tech enterprises,and strengthens the cooperation between industry,universities and research institutes through the integration of university’s advantageous innovation resources.And it is of great significance to the implementation of regional economic development and innovation strategies.Taking the National University Science and Technology Park in 30 provincial-level administrative regions of China as the research object,the data evelopment analysis(DEA)and Malmquist productivity index methods were used to analyze the operational efficiency of the National University Science and Technology Park in 2014—2017.The research results show that the overall average efficiency of National University Science and Technology Park is relatively high in China,but the difference between different regions is large;the low scale efficiency is the main reason for the invalidation of DEA in the operational efficiency of the National University Science and Technology Park in most provinces and autonomous regions;the total factor productivity of the National University Science and Technology Park is declining year by year,and the decline is increasing;technological progress is the main factor that inhibits the improvement of total factor productivity.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward some development suggestions,such as enhancing resource utilization efficiency,increasing the contribution of technological progress,and strengthening the government’s macroeconomic regulation and control.