母乳和蔗糖溶液喂养对足月新生儿足跟采血疼痛的影响

Effect of breast milk and sucrose solution on the pain in term infants receiving heel lance

目的了解母乳和蔗糖溶液喂养对足月新生儿足跟采血疼痛的影响。方法选取我院新生儿135例,随机分成对照组、蔗糖组和母乳组,每组45例。足跟采血前2 min,通过无菌注射器分别给予对照组、蔗糖组、母乳组新生儿口腔内缓慢注射1 mL蒸馏水、25%蔗糖溶液和母乳。记录3组新生儿足跟采血前后血氧饱和度、心率、足跟采血时首次哭泣持续时间和哭泣发生率、CRIES(crying,requires O2 for SaO2<95%,increased vital signs,expression and sleepless)量表评分和早产儿疼痛量表(PIPP)评分等。结果3组新生儿采血后心率显著高于采血前,氧饱和度显著低于采血前(P<0.05或0.01)。足跟采血后蔗糖组和母乳组的心率均低于对照组,氧饱和度则明显高于对照组,且母乳组改变更显著(P<0.05或0.01)。母乳组和蔗糖组新生儿足跟采血时首次哭泣持续时间明显短于对照组,足跟采血时及采血后2 min的哭泣例数少于对照组,足跟采血后的CRIES和PIPP评分亦低于对照组,且母乳组效果更显著(P<0.01)。结论母乳和蔗糖溶液喂养均可有效减轻足月新生儿足跟采血的疼痛,且母乳的效果优于蔗糖溶液,值得临床推广。

Objective To compare the effect of breast milk and sucrose solution on the pain in term infants receiving heel lance.Methods 135 term infants in a hospital were randomly divided into the Control Group,Sucrose Group and Breast Milk Group,45 cases in each group.2 min before the heel lance,the Control Group,Sucrose Group and Breast Milk Group were slowly injected with 1 mL of distilled water,25%sucrose solution and breast milk into their mouths,respectively.The oxyhemoglobin saturation,heart rate,duration of the first cry at the time of heel lance,incidence of crying and CRIES(crying,requires O2 for SaO2<95%,increased vital signs,expression and sleepless)score and premature infant pain profile(PIPP)score of the three groups were recorded.Results After heel lance,all three groups had the heart rate significantly higher than that before the lance and had the oxyhemoglobin saturation significantly lower than that before the lance(P<0.05 or 0.01).After heel lance,the Sucrose Group and Breast Milk Group had the heart rate significantly lower than the Control Group and had the oxyhemoglobin saturation significantly higher than the Control Group,and the Breast Milk Group showed a more significant change(P<0.05 or 0.01).The Sucrose Group and Breast Milk Group had the duration of the first cry at the time of heel lance significantly shorter than the Control Group,had the number of crying cases at the time of heel lance and 2 min after heel lance significantly less than the Control Group,and had the CRIES and PIPP score lower than the Control Group,and the Breast Milk Group showed a more significant change(P<0.01).Conclusion Both breast milk and sucrose solution could decrease the pain in term infants receiving heel lance.Breast milk is safer and more effective than sucrose solution,and is worth clinical promotion.