子宫发育异常患者的细胞遗传学分析

Cytogenetic analysis on 242 cases of women with uterine dysplasias

目的探讨子宫发育异常与染色体异常的关系。方法抽取外周静脉血进行淋巴细胞培养,用G显带进行核型分析。结果242例子宫发育异常患者细胞遗传学分析结果中检出染色体异常者26例,总检出率为10.74%,其中Ⅰ型子宫发育异常患者染色体异常率为21.05%(20/95);Ⅱ型子宫发育异常患者染色体异常率为6.06%(2/33);Ⅲ型子宫发育异常患者染色体异常率为10%(1/10);Ⅴ型子宫发育异常患者染色体异常率为2.88%(3/104)。26例染色体异常患者中性染色体异常23例,占88.46%,常染色体异常者3例,占11.54%。结论性染色体异常是女性子宫发育异常的重要原因之一,对于子宫发育异常患者应先行外周血染色体核型分析,以明确病因之后选择最佳的治疗方案和生育指导。

Objective To study the relationship between the chromosomal abnormalities and the patients with uterine dysplasia.Method Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured,chromosomal karyotypes was analyzed by using G band.Results Among 242 cases of the patients with uterine dysplasia,there are 26 chromosomal abnormalities were detected,the total abnormal rate is 10.74%,we found that chromosomal abnormality rate was 21.05%(20/95)in patients with Type Ⅰ uterine dysplasia;chromosomal abnormality rate was 6.06%(2/33)in patients with Type Ⅱ uterine dysplasia;chromosomal abnormality rate was 10%(1/10)in patients with Type Ⅲ uterine dysplasia;chromosomal abnormality rate was 2.88%(3/104)in patients with Type Ⅴ uterine dysplasia.Among 26 chromosomal abnormalities,there are 23 cases of Sex chromosomal abnormalities which in 88.46%,3 cases of autosomal abnormalities which in 11.54%.Conclusions Sex chromosomal abnormalities is one of the important reason which may lead to uterine dysplasia,it is necessary for patients who were diagnosed uterine dysplasia to take the cytogenetic analysis first,to determine the etiology and then choose the best treatment and fertility guidance.