澳门特有词语的社会认知与使用走向

The Current Social Recognition and Use of Macao Local Words

澳门特有词语主要包含源自葡萄牙语的外来词和一些在澳门社会传承使用、富有澳门地域特色的词语。本研究选取87个澳门特有词语,随机选取6位身处同一多元工作语境中的言语个体进行了访谈。结果显示:针对澳门特有词语,代表不同分众群体的不同言语个体在辨识词语和使用方面都存在差异。从整体看,受访者对于澳门特有词语的辨识度普遍不高。伴随着澳门社会的新发展、粤港澳大湾区融合趋势以及澳门人员构成的日益多样化,大半澳门特色词语中的葡源外来词和澳门本地词语持续退出人们的语言生活,这在多元语言工作语境中表现得较为突出,且此环境中的语言使用者均抱持自然接受其逐渐消隐的语言态度。本研究显示,在遴选的87条澳门特有词语中,目前仅12.6%的词语具有较高辨识度并仍旧在广泛流传和使用,这些词语在澳门特有词语中具有语言地标意义。

Macao local words mainly consist of loanwords from Portuguese and some special words with regional characteristics.Nowadays not all Macao people can recognize,understand or use the local words.This study investigates Macao people’s awareness and uses of local words in communications.The author conducted a semi-structured interview with 6 individuals in a higher institution in Macao where multilingualism is typical of its working environment.The result shows that the participants showed diff erent perception and attitudes towards the local words.They have a low level of awareness to the loanwords from Portuguese and old-fashioned local words in Macao.Many of such local words are gradually phased out in the language life of Macao people.Among the 87 Macao local words examined in this research,only 12.6%of the so-called“landmark”words have been retained in the participants’daily languages.It is also found that the loss of local words in Macao’s linguistic repertoire is perceived by Macao people as a natural process in language development.As the research sampling is small,more explorations are required to verify the conclusion derived in this study.