中越苗语的和谐与竞争

Harmony and Competition of Chinese and Vietnamese Hmong Language

中越苗语具有和谐与竞争的双重特性。和谐性表现为同一支系语言的和谐、不同支系语言的和谐、母语与国家通用语的和谐、母语与当地强势语的和谐,和谐原因与自然地理条件和社会人文因素有关。竞争性表现为支系语言的竞争、苗语与其他语言(包括方言)的竞争、中越苗语的竞争,存在竞争与语言地位和语言功能不等有关。加强中越苗语的研究,能够助力于"一带一路"的语言服务,有利于国家的语言安全。

Chinese and Vietnamese Hmong languages have the dual characteristics of harmony and competition. Harmony is manifested as the harmony of the same branch language, the harmony of different branch languages, harmony between the mother tongue and the national language;harmony between mother tongue and local dominant language. The reasons for harmony are related to natural geographical conditions and social and human factors. Competitiveness is represented as the competition of branch languages, competition between Hmong language and other languages, including dialects,Sino-Vietnamese Hmong language competition. The reasons for competition are associated with the unequal status and function of language. Strengthening the study of Chinese and Vietnamese Hmong language can help the language service of "One Belt and One Road" and contribute to the national language security.