创业自我效能感、环境感知与创业意愿研究——基于南京高校教师的调研

Study on Perceived Entrepreneurial Environment,Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention——Based on University Teachers in Nanjing

基于南京23所高校的588份调查问卷,探讨创业意愿与环境感知、自我效能感的关系。研究结果显示,有创业意愿和无创业意愿的高校教师在规范性环境和认知性环境的感知上存在显著差异,有创业意愿的高校教师对规范性环境和认知性环境的感知得分均显著高于无创业意愿的教师,而对规制性环境的感知差异不显著;在机会识别自我效能感、关系自我效能感和风险容忍自我效能感等3个维度上均存在显著差异,有创业意愿的高校教师在这3个维度上的得分均显著高于无创业意愿的教师,但在管理自我效能感上差异不显著。最后,对研究结论进行讨论,并就如何提升高校教师的创业意愿提出相关建议。

Based on 588 questionnaires from 23 universities in Nanjing,the relationship among entrepreneurial intention,perceived environment and self-efficacy has been researched. The university teachers are divided in two groups: those who have entrepreneurial intention and those who do not. The results show that there are significant differences on the perception of normative environment and cognitive environment for the two groups,and the score of the group with entrepreneurial intention is significantly higher than that of the group without entrepreneurial intention. But as to the regulatory environment,there is no significant difference. Meanwhile,there are significant differences on opportunity-recognizing self-efficacy,relationship self-efficacy and risk tolerance self-efficacy,and the score on these three dimensions of the group with entrepreneurial intention is significantly higher than that of the group without entrepreneurial intention. But there is no significant difference on management self-efficacy between the two groups. Finally,the possible explanations and corresponding suggestions are proposed.