经典名方中石菖蒲药材的考证

Textual research on classical prescription of Acorus tatarinowii

该文以历代本草、医籍方书为基础,对经典名方中所用石菖蒲药材其名称、基原、产地、品质、部位、采收、加工及炮制等方面进行了本草考证,厘清古今关系,为经典名方的开发与利用提供参考与依据。经考证可知石菖蒲别名众多,入药常记作"菖蒲";在我国资源分布较广,全国各地均有出产,多为野生,产区存在向东南地区迁移的趋势;本草古籍记载其入药部位多为根部,以根瘦小,质坚实,节稠密,气芳香,味道足,嚼之少渣者品质为好;采收时间多为二、五、八、十二月份,采后阴干;其炮制方法较多,记载已达20余种;唐代以前药用石菖蒲基原较为混乱,通过考证后得出历史上主流品种应为石菖蒲Acorus tatarinowii的结论,且认为其品质较同属其他种为优,建议在"开心散"与"地黄饮子"中使用。

Based on the prescription books of herbs and medical books of all dynasties,this article makes a textual research on the name,origin,position,quality,collection,processing and concocting of Acorus tatarinowii used in the classical prescription,and clarifies the relationship between ancient and modern,so as to provide reference and basis for the development and utilization of the classical famous prescription.According to research,A. tatarinowii has many aliases and is often remembered as " Chang pu" when use as medicine;It has a wide distribution of resources in our country,all over the country have produced and mostly wild,its producing areas there is a trend of migration to the southeast;It is recorded in the ancient books of Chinese herbs that most of its medicinal parts are roots,and to root thin,solid quality,dense,aromatic smell,full taste,chewing less slag of high quality;It is harvested in February,May,August and December,and dried in the shade after harvesting;Its concocting methods are more than 20 species have been recorded;Before the Tang Dynasty,the basis of the medicinal A. tatarinowii was relatively chaotic,through textual research,it is concluded that A. tatarinowii should be the mainstream in all dynasties,and that its quality is superior to that of other species in the same genus.It is recommended to be used in " Kaixin san" and " rehmannia drink".