基于定制遗传算法考虑配电网多种拓扑可观性的PMU优化配置

Optimal configuration of PMU based on customized genetic algorithm and considering observability of multiple topologies of distribution network

同步相量测量单元(PMU)可以为配电网提供相量数据以提高可观性。考虑因配电网节点数目多但投资成本少造成的PMU供需不平衡,提出了以固定PMU数目为约束条件的优化配置模型。目标函数在最大化可观性节点数目的前提下,最大化网络量测冗余度。模型中考虑了多种拓扑结构的影响,并通过引入零注入节点、节点注入功率和支路功率等量测数据提高可观性。提出了一种定制遗传算法来求解模型,通过定制交叉和变异操作,保证所有个体为可行解。最后,给出了基于最优方案的PMU配置顺序。通过对IEEE标准节点系统进行仿真计算,验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

PMU(Phasor Measurement Unit)can provide phasor data for distribution network to improve observability.Considering the imbalance between supply and demand of PMU caused by the large number of distribution network nodes but the few investment cost,an optimal configuration model is proposed with the fixed number of PMU as its constraint condition.The objective function maximizes the network measurement redundancy on the premise of maximizing the number of observable nodes.The influence of multiple topology structures is considered in the model,and the observability is improved by introducing measurement data,such as the data of zero injection node,injection power of node,branch power,and so on.A customized genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the model,which ensures that all individuals are feasible solutions through customized crossover and mutation operations.Finally,the PMU configuration sequence based on the optimal scheme is given.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the simulation of IEEE standard system.