美国废奴小说对早期西进运动的文学映照

The Literary Reflection of Early Westward Movement in American Anti-slavery Novels

在探讨美国废奴小说时,学术界几乎未把作品研究与西进运动相联系,往往忽略两个历史事实:一是西进运动把奴隶制也带到了西部,特别是“老西南”地区;二是西进运动是在“天命昭昭”女神哥伦比亚引领下进行的。在此语境下,本文试图把二者相互联系起来,从地域写实、创作背景及女性引领救赎几个方面,重点分析美国废奴小说名篇——斯托夫人的代表作《汤姆叔叔的小屋》对早期西进运动的反映,同时从地域写实方面追寻早期西进运动在其他废奴小说中的历史踪迹,分析它们的文学表征。

When exploring American anti-slavery novels,the scholars seldom associated their studies with American Westward Movement(AWM).Two historical facts were usually neglected:One was the entry of slavery into the west,the old southwest in particular;the other was the function of the Goddess of Columbia,who once guided the American people to the west under the call of the creed Manifested Destiny.In this case,this paper will explore the connections between the two and analyze in details,from aspects of regional authenticity,creation background and female redemption,the literary reflection of the early AWM in Mrs.Stowe’s canonical anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin.Simultaneously,the relevant studies will be also made on other antislavery novels from the perspective of regional authenticity.