摘要
In most situations,staircase is the only egress to evacuate from high-rise buildings.The merging flow on the stair landing has a great influence on the evacuation efficiency.In this paper,we develop an improved cellular automaton model to describe the merging behavior,and the model is validated by a series of real experiments.It is found that the flow rate of simulation results is similar to the drills,which means that the improved model is reasonable and can be used to describe the merging behavior on stairs.Furthermore,some scenarios with different door locations and building floor numbers are simulated by the model.The results show that(i)the best door location is next to the upward staircase;(ii)the total evacuation time and the building floor number are linearly related to each other;(iii)the pedestrians on upper floors have a negative influence on the evacuation flow rate.
In most situations, staircase is the only egress to evacuate from high-rise buildings. The merging flow on the stair landing has a great influence on the evacuation efficiency. In this paper, we develop an improved cellular automaton model to describe the merging behavior, and the model is validated by a series of real experiments. It is found that the flow rate of simulation results is similar to the drills, which means that the improved model is reasonable and can be used to describe the merging behavior on stairs. Furthermore, some scenarios with different door locations and building floor numbers are simulated by the model. The results show that(i) the best door location is next to the upward staircase;(ii) the total evacuation time and the building floor number are linearly related to each other;(iii) the pedestrians on upper floors have a negative influence on the evacuation flow rate.
作者
朱萸
陈涛
丁宁
范维澄
Yu Zhu;Tao Chen;Ning Ding;Wei-Cheng Fan(Institute of Public Safety Research,Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science,Beijing 100084,China;School of Criminal Investigation and Counter-Terrorism,People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;Public Security Behavioral Science Laboratory,People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China)
基金
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2017YFC0803300 and 2017YFC0820400)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71673163)
