185例活动义齿患者的义齿相关性口腔黏膜病临床分析

Clinical analysis of denture-related oral mucosal lesions in 185 patients with removable denture

目的:调查统计185例义齿相关性口腔黏膜病(denture-related oral mucosal lesions,DML)的类型及患病率,分析其影响因素。方法:以问卷调查方式对2015年10月-2018年6月于我院口腔科就诊的配戴活动义齿的185例患者进行研究。详细记录DML种类及位置等,对患者进行指导及治疗后随访。以本研究数据为基础,通过数据库检索与全国其他地区的结果进行比较,明确DML在不同地区的差异。采用SPSS 17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:义齿配戴者DML患病率为42.7%,男性患者显著高于女性(54.17%∶35.40%,P<0.05)。全口义齿配戴者DML患病率显著高于局部义齿配戴者(66.67%∶31.20%,P<0.05)。DML不同类型患病率从高到低依次为义齿性口炎(54.43%)、创伤性溃疡(34.18%)、纤维炎性增生(6.33%)、口角炎(5.06%)。结论:DML是一种受多因素影响的疾病。其中,义齿相关因素包括义齿类型、义齿配戴时间、义齿制作时间及清洁方式。义齿类型对DML的影响较义齿配戴时间更大。性别、民族及系统性疾病可能对DML的患病率有一定影响。国内各地区研究结果尚不能客观反映目前DML的患病情况,需要开展多中心流行病学调查。

PURPOSE:To investigate the category and prevalence rate of denture-related oral mucosal lesions(DML)in185 patients with removable denture and analyze the influencing factors.METHODS:A total of 185 patients with removable denture who visited the department of stomatology of our hospital from October 2015 to June 2018 were investigated by questionnaire.DML types and locations were recorded in detail,and patients were followed up after treatment.Based on the data of this study,the differences of DML reports in other regions of China were analyzed by comparing the results searched from databases.SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:In this study,the DML prevalence rate was 42.7%,significantly higher in male patients than in female patients(54.17%vs 35.40%,P<0.05).DML was more common in complete denture wearers than that in partial denture wearers(66.67%vs 31.20%,P<0.05).The categories of DML were as followed(prevalence rate from high to low):denture stomatitis(54.43%),traumatic ulcer(34.18%),inflammatory hyperplasia(6.33%),and angular cheilitis(5.06%).CONCLUSIONS:DML is affected by multiple factors.Among them,denture related factors include denture type,denture wearing time,denture lasting time and cleaning method.DML is more influenced by the type of denture than the wearing time.Gender,ethnicity and systemic diseases may affect the prevalence of DML,but further studies are needed.The results of domestic studies in various regions cannot objectively reflect the current prevalence rate of DML,thus a multi-center epidemiological investigation is needed.