男子气概、美德替代与集体无意识：校园欺凌是如何发生的——一项来自“兄弟帮”领袖的口述史研究

Masculinity, Virtue Substitution and Collectiveness Unconsciousness: How does School Bullying Occur:An Oral History Study from the Brotherhood Leaders

论文以目标人物L,即20年前某初中学校"兄弟帮"领袖为主要研究对象。经过多次当面及电话访谈,深入了解了"兄弟帮"长期进行校园欺凌的状况,旨在通过一种"不在那里"的情境重建,揭示导致校园欺凌发生的基本条件:一是男子气概,即"兄弟帮"通过欺凌行为确证自身存在的价值,视其为一种荣耀的加冕。二是美德替代,即将欺凌视作一种道德义务,成为兄弟间不用明说的道义担当。三是集体无意识,即欺凌行为的发生在群体力量驱使下变得理所应当,欺凌者在由此所营造出来的虚假盛况里全体欢腾。研究试图通过挖掘校园欺凌形成背后的深层次原因,来丰富以往对于校园欺凌形成机制的研究,以从源头上阻断校园欺凌。

The thesis takes the target person L, the leader of the "brother gang" in a junior high school 20 years ago, as the main research object. After many face-to-face and telephone interviews, I got an in-depth understanding of the situation of "brother gang" ’s long-term school bullying. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the basic conditions leading to the occurrence of school bullying through a "not there" situation reconstruction, to reveal the basic conditions leading to the occurrence of school bullying: the first is manliness, the "brother gang" who use bullying to justify their existence and see it as a coronation of glory;the second is the substitution of virtue, bullying is regarded as a moral obligation and becomes a moral responsibility between brothers without explicit explanation;the third is the collective unconsciousness, the bullying behavior has been taken for granted under the driving force of the group, and all the bullies exulted in the false pomp created by it. The three conditions of virility, virtue substitution and collective unconsciousness are closely coupled to package school bullying as a natural, interesting and legal existence.