重庆玉米洞遗址石器工业的剥片技术与策略选择

Lithic Industry at the Yumidong Site in Chongqing: Flaking Technology and Strategic Decision-making

通过对玉米洞遗址剥片产品的类型学分析,我们发现该地点剥片产品很少,锤击法、砸击法等常规剥片技术均退居辅助地位而很少使用,一种类似于"扬子技术"的摔碰剥坯技术成为最佳选择而被广泛应用。本文研究认为,玉米洞遗址的摔碰技术是适应特定环境和原料资源的产物。不同的剥片技术各有其局限性和适用性,古人类根据原料的特性来选择与之相适应的剥片技术策略,既有被动选择也有主动适应,体现出对剥片技术的充分认知和对资源利用的明智选择。

Typological analysis suggests that the Yumidong site has very few flaked lithic products and that some regular flaking techniques such as direct percussion with hard hammer and bipolar flaking were barely used at the site.Instead,a throwing technique,in which lithic materials were thrown on harder materials and broke for the purpose of core reduction,was widely adopted as the best choice for lithic flaking.The present paper proposes that the throwing technique noticed for the Yumidong site have been used to adjust to the environment and material resources.Given that different flaking techniques have their own applicability and limitations,it is wise to strategically choose the flaking techniques that are best applicable to the available materials.Therefore,the new flaking technique noticed at the Yumidong site reflects both passive and active decision-making,which suggests a full understanding of lithic flaking technology and a wise choice for the better use of resources.