2012-2018年丹阳市土源性线虫病监测结果分析

Surveillance of soil-borne nematodiasis in Danyang City from 2012 to 2018

目的监测2012–2018年丹阳市人群土源性线虫病流行状况,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法2012–2018年对丹阳市3周岁以上居民采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测土源性线虫感染情况,其中3~12周岁儿童同时采用透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。结果2012–2018年,丹阳市共开展土源性线虫病监测13540人,人群土源性线虫感染率为0.45%。检出的感染虫种有蛔虫、鞭虫和蛲虫,感染率分别为0.32%、0.12%和0.01%;以单虫种感染为主。各年度人群土源性线虫总感染率、蛔虫感染率和鞭虫感染率间差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=42.610、26.276、20.692,P均<0.05)。男性和女性人群土源性线虫平均感染率分别为0.45%和0.47%;本地人群和流动人群平均感染率分别为0.28%和0.66%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=10.561,P<0.05)。各年龄组中以31~岁组感染率最高(0.59%),41~岁组次之(0.56%),最低为3~岁组(0.27%)。不同职业人群土源性线虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=75.692,P<0.05),其中以船员感染率最高。儿童蛲虫病共监测5078人,平均感染率为0.37%;各年度儿童蛲虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=15.466,P<0.05)。结论丹阳市人群土源性线虫感染已处于较低流行水平,但仍应加强对农村儿童和外来流动人群的监测。

Objective To monitor the epidemic status of human soil-borne nematodiasis in Danyang City,so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating control measures.Methods The soil-borne nematode infections were tested using a modified Kato-Katz technique among residents aged more than 3 years living in Danyang City from 2012 to 2018,and the Enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected using the transparent adhesive tape anal swab method among children at ages of 3 to 12 years.RRee-sults A total of 13540 residents were monitored for soil-borne nematode infections from 2012 to 2018,and the prevalence of human soil-borne nematode infections was 0.45%.The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides,Trichuris trichura and Enterobius vermicularis infections was 0.32%,0.12%and 0.01%,respectively,and a single parasite infection was predominant.There were significant differences in the prevalence of soil-borne nematode(X^2=42.610,P<0.05),A.lumbricoides(χ^2=26.276,P<0.05)and T.trichura(χ^2=20.692,P<0.05).The prevalence of human soil-borne nematode infections was 0.45%in males and 0.47%in females,and lower prevalence was found in local residents than in floating population(0.28%vs.0.66%;χ^2=10.561,P<0.05).The highest infection was found in subjects at ages of 31 to 40 years(0.59%),followed by in subjects at ages of 41 to 50 years(0.56%),and the lowest infection was seen in children at ages of 3 to 5 years(0.27%).In addition,the prevalence of human soilborne nematode infections varied significantly in occupation(χ^2=75.692,P<0.05),with the highest infection seen in boatmen.Among the 5078 children monitored,the prevalence of E.vermicularis infection was 0.37%,and the prevalence of E.vermicularis infection varied significantly in year(χ~2=15.466,P<0.05).Conclusion The human soil-borne nematode infection is at a low level in Danyang City;however,the surveillance of soil-borne nematodiasis remains to be intensified in children living in rural areas and immigrant populations.