环保社会组织协商的功能及实现:基于政策过程视角的分析

Functions and Realization of ENGO Consultation: Based on Policy Analysis

社会组织协商功能包含着意向目标、行动过程和客观效用三大要素。从政策过程视角分析,环保社会组织协商功能的类型可分为意见表达、诉求沟通、关系协调、执行监督四项功能。在"嘉兴模式"中,环保社会组织协商通过"点单式督查""圆桌会议"协商实现了意见表达功能;通过"评审团"协商、环保联合组织协商实现了诉求沟通功能;通过环保公益活动、环保公益诉讼实现了关系协调功能,通过"环保市民检查"实现了执行监督功能。总结分析"嘉兴模式",可以发现社会组织协商功能实现的三大影响因素:即公民参与意识、社会组织自身结构以及政府的资源禀赋支持。

The consultation function of social organization contains three elements:intention goal,action process and objective utility.From the perspective of policy process,the consultation function of ENGO can be divided into four functions:opinion expression function,appeal communication function,relationship coordination function and implementation supervision function.In the"Jiaxing model",ENGO achieved the function of expressing opinions through"single point supervision"and"round table discussion".Through the consultation of"jury"and the consultation of environmental protection joint organizations,the appeal communication function is realized.Through environmental public welfare activities,environmental public welfare litigation to achieve the relationship coordination function,through the"environmental citizen inspection"to achieve the executive supervision function.By summarizing and analyzing the"Jiaxing model",we can find three influential factors for the realization of the consultative function of ENGO:the consciousness of citizen participation,the structure of social organizations and the support of the government’s resource endowment.