土壤有机质空间变异性及其驱动因素研究进展

Review on Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Matter and its Driving Factors

土壤有机质是表征土壤质量的主要指标,在土壤肥力、环境保护和全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用。土壤有机质的主要特征之一是具有高度的空间异质性,这是土壤形成过程中自然因子和人为活动综合作用的结果。本文对土壤有机质空间变异性的研究方法进行了回顾,从非生物和生物两方面阐述了驱动土壤有机质空间变异的主要因素,分析了研究土壤有机质空间变异性尺度效应的重要性及相关成果。在此基础上,结合以往研究的特点和不足,从深层土壤有机质的空间变异性、森林土壤有机质的空间变异性、土壤有机质空间变异性驱动因素间的交互作用以及较大尺度下土壤有机质空间变异尺度效应四个方面,对未来的研究方向提出了合理化建议。

Soil organic matter(SOM)is an important indicator of soil quality and plays vital roles in soil fertility,environmental protection and global carbon cycle.One of the main characteristics of SOM is its high spatial heterogeneity,which is the result of the combined action of natural factors and human activities in the process of soil formation.The research methods of spatial variability of SOM were reviewed,the main abiotic and biological driving factors of the spatial variability of SOM were described,and the importance of the scale effect of spatial variability of SOM and the related research results were analyzed.On this basis,combined with the characteristics and shortcomings of previous studies,we gave reasonable advices for future research directions in the following four aspects:the spatial variability of SOM in the deep soil and in the forest soil,its interaction with the driving factors,and its effects at the larger scale.