内外有别：属地主义与社会组织的生存空间拓展——基于Z组织发展历程的案例分析

Different Inside and Outside: Territorial Principle and the Development of Social Organization—— Case analysis based on the development history of Z organization

在国家与社会关系的理论框架下讨论社会组织的发展是既有研究的重要面向。但在此种框架下,探讨基于"属地主义"运作逻辑的政府行政治理体制对社会组织发展的现实影响却是普遍被忽视的议题。研究发现,地方政府与社会组织合作时表现出显著的属地特征,以行政区划为基础,各行政区域内政府与社会组织合作呈现出相对独立性和排外性的格局。属地特征主要通过属地内的"特殊信任机制"和属地间的"内部保护机制"表现出来。属地主义的治理模式造成社会组织发展的两种后果:第一,组织自主性层面,由于高度依赖属地资源,与属地政府形成"非对称性依附关系",社会组织自主性受到强烈冲击;第二,社会价值性层面,属地依附关系可能造成社会组织为了呼应属地政府的偏好而强化组织运作中工具主义的事本逻辑,从而牺牲对长远社会价值追求的初衷。

Discussing the development of social organizations under the theoretical framework of state-society relations is an important aspect of existing research.However,under this framework,the practical impact of the government administrative governance system based on the operational logic of the"territorial principle"on the development of social organizations is a widely ignored issue.The study found that local governments and social organizations showed significant territorial characteristics when they cooperated.Based on administrative divisions,the cooperation between government and social organizations in various administrative regions shows a relatively independent and exclusive pattern.Territorial characteristics are mainly manifested through the"special trust mechanism"within the territories and the"internal protection mechanism"between the territories.The governance model of territorialism has two consequences for the development of social organizations.First,organizational autonomy.Due to the high dependence on territorial resources and the formation of"asymmetric dependence"with the territorial governments,the autonomy of social organizations is strongly affected.Second,social value.Territorial dependency may cause social organizations to strengthen the logic of instrumentalism in organizational operations in order to respond to the preferences of local governments,thereby sacrificing the original intention of pursuing long-term social values.