木棉花真空冷冻干燥过程中护色护形剂的筛选

Selection of Color and Shape Retention Reagent for Bombax malabaricum DC. during the Process of Vacuum Freeze Drying

以广州本地木棉花为试材,使用真空冷冻干燥技术进行干燥,设置干燥时间为12、17、20、40 h,并使用单因子试剂和复合试剂进行干燥前浸泡处理,通过测定及评价干燥后花瓣的颜色、质感、厚薄度、平整性和综合效果,筛选出木棉花在真空冷冻干燥过程中适用的护色护形剂以及干燥时间,以期对干燥木棉花的大规模生产提供参考。结果表明,使用无水乙醇+10%柠檬酸复合试剂浸泡处理木棉花,真空冷冻干燥后的花朵品质最佳,成品花瓣颜色与新鲜花瓣最为接近,其花瓣质感较柔软、花瓣平整性好、综合效果好,明显优于单因子试剂及对照组,真空冷冻干燥过程中最适宜的干燥时间为40 h。综上所述,木棉花护色护形干燥的工艺流程为浸泡于无水乙醇+10%柠檬酸复合试剂20 min,真空冷冻干燥过程中预冻2 h至-40℃,干燥40 h至0℃。

Local Bombax malabaricum DC.in Guangzhou was used as test materials to dry by using vacuum freeze drying technology for 12,17,20,40 hours.B.malabaricum DC.were soaked with single reagent or complex reagent,then the petals were freeze-dried in vacuum.By measuring and evaluating the color,texture,thickness,evenness and comprehensive effect of dried petals,the suitable color and shape protecting reagent and drying time of B.malabaricum DC.in the process of vacuum freeze-drying were selected,in order to provide reference for the large-scale production of dried B.malabaricum DC.The results showed that the quality and color of the finished petal soaked in anhydrous ethanol+10%citric acid composite reagent was the closest to that of the fresh petal,the texture of the petal was softer,the flatness of the petal was better,the comprehensive effect was better than that of the single factor reagent and the control group,and the most suitable drying time was 40 hours.In conclusion,the technological process of B.malabaricum DC.color and shape retention and drying was soaking in anhydrous ethanol+10%citric acid composite reagent for 20 minute,pre-freezing for 2 hours to-40℃and drying for 40 hours to 0℃in the process of vacuum freeze-drying.