河北省夏玉米机械收获损失影响因素分析——以辛集市为例

Study on Influencing Factors of Mechanical Harvest Loss of Summer Maize in Hebei Province—Based on Xinji City

选定河北省辛集市为调研点,对其所辖3乡10村的279个农户的玉米收获损失现状展开实地调研。利用Tobit模型分别分析了影响农户收获损失的影响因素,发现影响玉米收获损失的因素主要包括农户农业收入占比、种植规模、收获机械所使用年限、机手作业水平、收获时机和玉米品种。最后从引导农户加入农业专业合作社、优化摘穗辊辊型、加强对机手收割环节的培训、培育适合机械化收割的玉米品种几个方面提出优化方案。

In this paper,Xinji City,Hebei Province,was selected as the research point,and 279 farmers in 10 villages and 3 townships under its jurisdiction were investigated on the current situation of maize harvest losses.Tobit model was used to analyze the factors affecting farmers'harvest loss.It was found that the main factors affecting maize harvest loss included the proportion of farmers'agricultural income,planting scale,harvesting machinery life,manipulator operation level,harvesting opportunity and maize varieties.Finally,the optimization scheme is put forward from the following aspects:guiding peasant households to join agricultural cooperatives,optimizing the shape of picking rolls,strengthening the training of the harvesting links of motorists,and cultivating maize varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting.