超高压结合酶解法提取鱼油工艺优化

Optimization of Extraction Parameter of Fish Oil by Ultra-high Pressure Combined with Enzymatic Hydrolysis

【目的】优化黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)副产品(鱼头)提取鱼油的工艺参数。【方法】以鱼油提取率为评价指标,采用单因素实验确定最佳超高压处理压强和保压时间,采用Box-Behnken响应面试验设计优化关键酶解工艺参数。【结果】建立鱼油提取率与加酶量、液料质量比、酶解温度和酶解时间之间的回归模型,加酶量、液料质量比、酶解温度和酶解时间对鱼油提取率均有显著影响(P<0.05),影响由高到低依次为加酶量、液料质量比、酶解时间、酶解温度;当超高压处理压强200 MPa、处理时间10 min、加酶量(质量分数)为1.125%、液料质量比为1∶1、酶解温度65℃和酶解时间60 min时,根据质量法计算,鱼油提取率达99.51%,与模型预测值之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】采用响应面法建立的回归模型较好地描述超高压结合酶解提取鱼油的工艺过程,优化的工艺参数可有效提高鱼油提取率。

【Objective】To optimize the extraction parameters of tuna oil from tuna heads.【Method】Using the fish oil extraction efficency as an index,the optimal treatment pressure,holding-time and the Box-Behnken response surface experimental design was used to optimize the key enzymatic parameters【.Results】A regression model was established between the fish oil extraction efficiency and the amount of enzyme added,the ratio of liquid to material,the temperature and time used in enzymatic hydrolysis.These factors affected the extraction efficiency of fish oil significantly(P<0.05),and the order of influence was as follows:the amount of enzyme>the ratio of liquid to material>the time of hydrolysis>the temperature of hydrolysis.When the ultra-high pressure treatment pressure was 200 MPa,the processing time was 10 minutes,the added enzyme added was 1.125%,the ratio of liquid to material was 1∶1,the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 65℃and the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 60 min.Based on the gravimetric method,the extraction efficiency of fish oil can reach 99.5%.The experimental value was no significant difference from the model prediction value(P>0.05).【Conclusion】The regression model established by the response surface method can better describe the extraction process of fish oil by ultra-high pressure combined with enzymatic hydrolysis,and the optimized process parameters can effectively improve the extraction ratio of fish oil.