光纤拉曼系统对上皮内瘤变胃黏膜生化结构变化的研究

Changes of biochemical structure of gastric mucosa with intraepithelial neoplasia by fiber Raman system

目的采用光纤拉曼系统观察上皮内瘤变胃黏膜生化结构变化。方法通过光纤拉曼系统对行内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)治疗患者术后标本进行拉曼光谱测量,共收集低级别上皮内瘤变(low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,LGIN)ESD术后标本6例,高级别上皮内瘤变(high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,HGIN)ESD术后标本5例,拉曼光谱系统测量后共获得符合标准的光谱图像51例,包括LGIN组织光谱图像16例,HGIN组织光谱图像15例,非病变组织光谱图像20例,进行数据转换及一系列数据预处理,得到LGIN、HGIN和非病变组织的平均拉曼光谱图,分析3组图像图形及拉曼峰归属,并进一步分析上皮内瘤变胃黏膜生化结构变化。结果LGIN、HGIN组织较非病变组织在852 cm^-1、891 cm^-1、992 cm^-1、1103 cm^-1、1171 cm^-1、1234 cm^-1、1417 cm^-1、1560 cm^-1、1586 cm^-1等特征峰发生同向偏移,且偏移程度与瘤变程度正相关;LGIN组于805 cm^-1、819 cm^-1、1306 cm^-1、1327 cm^-1处,HGIN组于875 cm^-1、1304 cm^-1、1324 cm^-1处观察到特征性拉曼峰,提示随着上皮内瘤变的发生和加重,胃黏膜的生化结构、分子表达发生一定程度改变。结论拉曼光谱图可显示瘤变过程中基因结构发生改变,部分核酸碱基、蛋白质高表达,从而判断与识别胃黏膜不同程度上皮内瘤变。

Objective To observe the biochemical structural changes of gastric mucosa with intraepithelial neoplasia by fiber Raman system.Methods Postoperative specimens of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)-treated patients were measured to get Raman spectra by fiber Raman spectroscopy system.There were 6 ESD specimens with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)and 5 with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN).A total of 51 sets of standard Raman spectral data were obtained by the fiber Raman system,including 16 sets of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissue data,15 sets of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissue data,and 20 sets of non-lesional tissue data.After data conversion and a series of data preprocessing steps,the average Raman spectrum was obtained.After analysis of 3 sets of image patterns and Raman peak assignment,further analysis in the changes of biochemical structure of gastric mucosa with intraepithelial neoplasia were carried out.Results Compared with non-lesional tissues,peaks at 852 cm^-1,891 cm^-1,992 cm^-1,1103 cm^-1,1171 cm^-1,1234 cm^-1,1417 cm^-1,1560 cm^-1 and 1586 cm^-1 shifted to the same direction,and the magnitudes of shift was positively correlated with the severity of tumor transformation.Characteristic Raman peaks were observed at 805 cm^-1,819 cm^-1,1306 cm^-1 and 1327 cm^-1 in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues,and 875 cm^-1,1304 cm^-1 and 1324 cm^-1 in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues,which suggesting that the biochemical structure and molecular expression of gastric mucosa changed with the occurrence and advance of intraepithelial neoplasia.Conclusion Raman spectroscopy indicates that the gene structure changes during tumorigenesis,and some nucleic acid bases and proteins are highly expressed.The above changes can be reflected intraepithelial neoplasia of gastric mucosa.