儿童安全座椅中填充吸能泡沫对头部的保护效果分析

Analysis on Child-head Protection Effects of Energy-absorbing Foam Filled in Safety Seat

采用Pam-Crash仿真软件,在已验证的6岁儿童乘员有限元模型上,施加ECE R129法规中规定的减速度曲线,以模拟汽车在侧面碰撞事故中后排儿童乘员的头部损伤情况。通过头部质心合加速度、头部性能指标(HPC)、脑组织Von Mises应力、颅内压、剪切应力和泡沫与头部之间的接触力等评价指标,研究侧面碰撞时安全座椅侧翼结构中头枕部位填充吸能泡沫对儿童乘员头部的保护效果。结果表明:安全座椅中填充泡沫可有效降低侧面碰撞对头部的损伤,且填充PU泡沫的保护效果要优于EPS泡沫。

The deceleration curve,as a provision in regulation ECE R129,is applied on a validated 6-year-old child finite element model to simulate the head injury of rear-row child occupant in a side crash incident of vehicle by using software Pam-Crash.The child head protection effects of energy-absorbing foam blocks filled in the head-rest of the side wing of safety seat in a side impact are studied in terms of a series of indicators including the resultant acceleration of head mass center,head performance criterion,the Von Mises stress of brain tissue,intracranial pressure,shear stress and the contact force between foam and head.The results indicate that the foam filled in child safety seat can effectively reduce head injury in side impact,and in which the protective effect of PU foam is better than that of EPS foam.