肠神经胶质细胞在肠道运动功能障碍中的研究进展

Research progress on enteric glial cells under intestinal motility disorder

目的总结目前关于肠神经胶质细胞(EGCs)在肠道运动功能障碍性疾病中的变化及其调节肠动力机制的研究进展。方法收集并阅读了有关EGCs及肠道运动功能障碍性疾病相关的文献并进行分析总结。结果EGCs参与肠道运动功能障碍性疾病的发生、发展,在术后肠麻痹、先天性巨结肠症、炎症性肠病、糖尿病等多种肠道运动功能障碍性疾病中出现数量、受体及表型的异常,它可以感知神经元信号,并通过胞内钙反应及缝隙连接蛋白43通道实现与肠神经元相互交流进而影响肠动力。结论EGCs影响肠道运动功能,对其作用及机制的研究有助于发现这一类疾病的新的治疗靶点。

Objective To summarize the current research progress on the changes of enteric glial cells(EGCs)in intestinal motility disorders and its possible molecular mechanisms in regulating intestinal motility.Method The literatures related to the EGCs and intestinal dysmotility were collected and analyzed.Results The EGCs were involved in the occurrence and development of intestinal motility disorders,and there were abnormalities in the quantity,receptor,and phenotype in the different dysmotility diseases such as the postoperative ileus,Hirschsprung disease,inflammatory bowel disease,diabetes and so on.It could sense the neuronal signals and communicate with the enteric neurons via Ca2+response and connexin-43 to affect the intestinal motility.Conclusion Study of role and mechanism of EGCs in intestinal motor dysfunction is helpful to discovery new targets for treatment of these diseases.