摘要
目的了解北京市中学生视力不良检出率及空间分布特征。方法2016年9月-2017年3月,使用对数视力表对北京市全体在校中学生进行视力检查;应用全局、局部空间自相关方法对数据进行分析。结果调查北京市普通中学的全部在校学生387634人,视力不良检出率为82.2%(318503/387634),以重度视力不良为主。其中男生视力不良检出率为78.7%(155549/197697),女生为85.8%(162954/189937);城市为84.2%(197021/234083),郊区为79.1%(121482/153551);初中为78.0%(173767/222726),普通高中为89.0%(136664/153544),职业高中为71.0%(8072/11364)。视力不良检出率整体上呈现空间聚集分布,东、西城区以及朝阳、海淀区呈现出高-高聚集,怀柔区及周围的区域呈现出低-低聚集。结论北京市中学生视力不良检出率高,且存在显著的、正向的空间自相关关系,城市核心区域视力不良检出率具有较高的聚集性。
Objective To understand the detection rate and the spatial distribution characteristics of poor vision among middle school students in Beijing.Methods From September 2016 to March 2017,logarithmic vision chart was used to check the eyesight of all middle school students in Beijing.Global and local spatial autocorrelation methods were used for analysis.Results A total of 387634 middle school students were investigated in Beijing,and the detection rate of impaired vision was 82.2%(318503/387634),mainly with severe impaired vision.The detection rate of impaired vision was 78.7%(155549/197697)for male students and 85.8%(162954/189937)for female students.The detection rate in urban areas and suburban areas was 84.2%(197021/234083)and 79.1%(121482/153551)respectively.The detection rate in junior high school,ordinary high school and vocational high school was 78.0%(173767/222726),89.0%(136664/153544),and 71.0%(8072/11364),respectively.The detection rate of impaired vision was spatially clustered on the whole,and high-high concentration was showed in Dongcheng District,Xicheng District,Chaoyang District and Haidian District,while low-low concentration was showed in Huairou District and its surrounding areas.Conclusion The detection rate of impaired vision among middle school students in Beijing is high,there is a significant positive spatial autocorrelation,and the impaired vision rate of the urban core area has relatively high aggregation.
作者
王玲玲
张丹丹
宋玉珍
吕若然
WANG Ling-ling;ZHANG Dan-dan;SONG Yu-zhen;LYU Ruo-ran(Capital Medical University,Beijing,100069,China;Department of Physical Health and Art Education,Beijing Municipal Commission of Education,Beijing,100031,China;Beijing Center for Diseases Control and Prevention,Beijing Center for Preventive Medicine Research,Beijing,100013,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第24期3428-3432,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
视力不良
中学生
空间自相关
Impaired vision
Middle school students
Spatial autocorrelation