2016—2018年上海市浦东新区学校教学环境与生活设施卫生管理状况调查

Investigation on sanitary management of teaching environment and living facilities in schools of Pudong New Area in Shanghai from 2016-2018

目的了解2016-2018年上海市浦东新区学校教学环境与生活设施卫生管理状况,为有效开展学校教学环境与生活设施卫生安全风险评估和制定卫生监督监管措施等工作提供基础数据。方法2016-2018年,依据《学校卫生工作条例》、GB 7793-2010《中小学教室采光和照明卫生标准》、GB 50099-2011《中小学校设计规范》和GB/T 18205-2012《学校卫生综合标准》,对浦东新区各级各类学校的教学环境与生活设施卫生管理状况进行检查和综合评价。结果2016-2018年3年共计检查各级各类学校562家。教室人均面积情况、课桌椅设置情况、黑板符合卫生要求情况、教室微小气候符合卫生要求情况和厕所以及卫生设施符合卫生要求情况5个方面相对较好,合格率均在90%以上。教室采光符合卫生要求情况、教室照明符合卫生要求情况和学生宿舍符合要求情况3个方面多个指标全部符合的合格率分别为89.32%、68.68%和61.29%。结论2016-2018年上海市浦东新区学校教学环境与生活设施卫生存在一定的问题,会增加学生的视疲劳程度,造成不良读写姿势,容易增加脊柱侧弯、后凸及近视的可能性。卫生部门要积极与教育部门沟通,不断加强学校教学环境与生活设施卫生管理工作。

Objective To understand the sanitary management status of teaching environment and living facilities in schools of Pudong New Area in Shanghai from 2016 to 2018,provide basic data for effectively carrying out the risk assessment of school teaching environment and living facilities health safety and developing health supervision measures.Methods From 2016 to 2018,the inspection and comprehensive evaluation on teaching environment and sanitary management of living facilities were performed among 562 schools at all levels in Pudong New Area,according to the School health work regulations,the Hygienic standard for lighting and illumination in primary and secondary school classrooms(GB 7793-2010),Code for design of primary and secondary schools(GB 50099-2011),and the Comprehensive standard of school health(GB/T 18205-2012).Results A total of 562 schools at all levels were supervised and inspected from 2016 to 2018.The per capita area of the classroom,the setting of desks and chairs,the blackboard,the microclimate of the classroom,as well as toilets and sanitary facilities had met the health requirements,which the qualified rates were over 90%.The qualified rate of lighting in the classroom,classroom lighting and student dormitory conforming to the hygiene requirements was respectively 89.32%,68.68%and 61.29%.Conclusion From 2016 to 2018,there were some problems in the school teaching environment and living facilities in Pudong New Area of Shanghai,which would increase the students'visual fatigue,cause poor reading and writing posture,and easily increase the possibility of scoliosis,kyphosis and myopia.The health department should actively communicate with the education department to strengthen the health management of school teaching environment and living facilities.