生理-心理-社会三维人体衰老度指标和量表构建研究

Physiological - psycho - social three dimensional aging index and scale construction

目的构建人体生理-心理-社会三维衰老度指标体系和量表,为人体衰老度及抗/缓衰老措施的效果评价提供依据。方法采用德尔菲法和主成分分析法等对指标和条目进行评价、修改和确定;运用层次分析法等对指标和条目赋以权重,并计算信效度;以大样本实证研究确定不同年龄段人体衰老度标准化分值分布表;以生物统计学多种模型为基础,寻找判断状态年龄的最佳模型。结果构建了3个维度、10个方面(指标)、51个条目的衰老度量表,并通过国家级学会认证;3184人的实证结果提示,衰老度平均总分值为(46.93±11.07)分,衰老分值与年龄呈正相关(r=0.785,P<0.001);不同年龄段各维度得分不同[生理:(27.06±8.33)分,心理:(13.90±2.38)分,社会:(5.97±1.55)分],且各维度得分与年龄存在差异,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.001)。优选出Growth模型(R^2=0.635),并对衰老度得分与年龄进行曲线拟合。结论三维衰老度指标及量表科学、可行,信效度良好。实证结果表明,衰老功能得分随年龄增长而增加,且在曲线上显示出一定的特征和规律。

Objective Constructing physiological-psycho-social three dimensional aging index system,and scale to provide a basis for evaluating the effects of human aging and anti-aging measures.Methods Evaluation,modification and determination of the second and third level indexed by Delphi and principal component analysis and other methods.The weight of each index was weighted by the analytic hierarchy process,and the reliability and validity were calculated on the basis of the preliminary scale.A large sample of empirical studied to determine the aging of different age groups standardized score distribution table.The best model for judging functional age was sought,based on a variety of biostatistical models.Results The aging scale was constructed by three levels,the first level included 3 indicators,the second level had 10 indicators,the third level included 51 indicators,and adopted by expert certification the national society.3184 valid questionnaires were obtained through epidemiological investigation,the average total score of aging was(46.93±11.07)points,and the scores of aging were positively correlated with age(r=0.785,P<0.001).The average scores of aging in each dimension were different and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.001),and each dimension had significant difference with age.The growth model(R^2=0.635)was selected,the curve of the relationship between the score of aging and age was fitted.Conclusions The three-dimensional human aging scale was scientific,feasible,and has good reliability and validity.The empirical results show that the comprehensive score of aging increase with age,and show certain characteristics and laws on the curve.