2009—2017年山东省海滩垃圾时空分布特征与来源分析研究

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and source analysis of beach litter in Shandong province from 2009 to 2017

根据2009-2017年的调查资料,系统分析了9 a间山东省7处岸滩的海滩垃圾时空分布特征,并进行了垃圾来源分析研究。结果显示:山东省海滩垃圾的主要组分为塑料类、木制品类、玻璃类和纸类,数量以塑料类最多,占55.86%;山东省海滩垃圾平均数量密度为75958个/km^2,质量密度为1186.47 kg/km^2,山东省海滩垃圾数量与质量密度表现出区域差异性;山东省海滩垃圾规格以数量多、质量较小的中小块轻质垃圾为主(74.03%);山东省多年海滩垃圾存量与全国监测区海滩垃圾有类似变化特征;人类海岸活动产生的海滩垃圾(54.88%)、其他废弃物(24.59%)和航运/捕鱼垃圾(11.14%)为多年间山东省海滩垃圾的主要来源,分区域统计表明各地市海滩垃圾主要来源各有差异,这可能与各地市经济发展状况、海岸利用程度与监测区邻近海域功能区类型有关。

On the basis of the survey data from 2009 to 2017,we systematically analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of beach litter on seven typical beaches of Shandong province in the past 9 years.Then the source analysis of beach litter was conducted.The results showed that the main components of beach litter were plastics,wood products,glass and paper in Shandong province,with the largest amount of plastics accounting for 55.86%.The mean quantity and quality density of beach litter were 75958/km^2 and 1186.47 kg/km^2,respectively,and they both showed significant regional differences.There were plenty of small and medium-sized light wastes(74.03%) in beach litters in Shandong province,and their inventory had similarly changed with other monitoring areas of China.For many years,the main sources of beach litter were human coastal activities(54.88%),other refuse(24.59%) and shipping/fishing wastes(10.40%) in Shandong province.The regional statistics indicated that different cities varied in litter sources,which might be related to the economic development,coastal utilization as well as the functional zones in monitoring area of different cities.