多灾害环境下热防护服装防护性能研究进展

Research Progress on Protective Performance of Thermal Protective Clothing in Multiple Hazardous Environments

热防护服具有减缓热传递、减少穿着者皮肤损伤的作用。为提高应急救援人员的工作效率,保障他们的生命安全,开发性能优良的热防护服刻不容缓。通过总结近几年多灾害环境下热防护服的研究进展,概括热防护服的产品标准和测试标准,从灾害因子、服装因子和人体因子3方面分析影响服装防护性能的因素,预测热防护服防护性能研究的发展趋势。分析表明:热防护材料的性能测试标准相对比较成熟,而服装整体性能的测试体系仍不完善;热防护服的防护性能取决于灾害因子、服装因子和人体因子的单一和交互作用;服装热湿传递模拟从一维单层干态模型逐步发展到三维单层CFD模型。

Thermal protective clothing can slow down the heat transfer and reduce skin damage of the wearers.The development of thermal protective clothing with good performance is of great significance for emergency rescuers to improve work efficiency and ensure their life safety.In this study,the research progress in this area was summarized,the product standards and testing standards for thermal protective clothing were gathered.The factors affecting clothing protective performance were analyzed from three aspects,including hazards factor,clothing factor and human factor,and research progress of heat and moisture transfer model for thermal protective clothing was discussed.Finally,the development trend of the protective performance of thermal protective clothing was predicted.The results show that the test standards for flame retardant materials are relatively sufficient,whereas the test systems for full scale garments are still weak.The thermal protective performance of protective clothing depends on hazards factor,clothing factor,human factor and their interactions.In addition,the simulation of heat and moisture transfer are developed from 1D single layer model for dry fabric to 3D CFD clothing model.