《本草纲目拾遗》中药外治用药之特色探析

An Analysis of the Characteristics of External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine in "Bencao Gangmu Shiyi"

[目的]研究《本草纲目拾遗》中药外治用药的特色和规律,以期对临床工作有所启示。[方法]通过对《本草纲目拾遗》一书中的外治中药方剂进行整理、归纳、统计、分析,研究本书的外治用药特色和规律。[结果]书中外用药材402种,其中外来药物27种,多为化学药物,外治剂型共21种剂型。传统外用药剂拟用的基质约13种,记载频次最多的是油脂性基质。主治病症非常广泛,其中主治病症频次较多的前5位属外科、内科、皮肤科、喉科、骨伤科等。按原文治法表述用语归类统计外治方法计63种。[结论]《本草纲目拾遗》蕴藏着丰富的中药外用药材、验方、制剂及传统的外治方法,充分体现了中药外治的特色和优势,对促进中药外治方法的挖掘利用、改良优化及开发创新都具有重要意义。研究《本草纲目拾遗》是研究"浙派中医"之"本草学派"的重要组成部分,对丰富临床治疗方法有着重要的意义。

[Objective] To study the characteristics and rules of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in Bencao Gangmu Shiyi. [Methods]Through sorting, summarizing, statistics and analysis of the TCM prescriptions for external treatment in the book Bencao Gangmu Shiyi, the characteristics and rules of external treatment in this book were studied, so as to provide some enlightenment for clinical work.[Results] 402 kinds of external medicinal materials are recorded in the book, among which 27 kinds of foreign drugs are mostly chemical drugs. There are 21 kinds of external treatment dosage forms.There are about 13 kinds of substrates for traditional topical agents,and the most frequently recorded substrates are lipid substrates.The attending diseases are very extensive, and the top 5 attending diseases with higher frequency are of surgery, internal medicine, dermatology, laryngology, orthopedics and traumatology, etc.According to the expression of the original treatment method, 63 kinds of statistical external treatment methods were classified.[Conclusion] Bencao Gangmu Shiyi gleanings to promote Chinese medicine external treatment methods for external use only, improvement used to optimize the mining has important significance and development innovation, to study Bencao Gangmu Shiyi is an important part of "materia medica school" of"Zhepai TCM", with important significance for rich clinical treatment method.