外源氯化钙对低温胁迫下胡椒抗寒生理指标的影响

Effects of Exogenous Ca^2+on Leaf Physiological Indexes in Black Pepper Under Low Temperature Stress

以中国胡椒主栽品种‘热引1号’胡椒为材料,设置4个不同浓度氯化钙(7、14、21、28 mmol/L)处理,以去离子水为对照,低温胁迫4 d(10℃/5℃,12 h/12 h),恢复培养6 d(28℃/20℃,12 h/12 h),观察表型并测定各处理的光合参数、抗氧化酶活性及渗透性物质含量变化情况。结果表明:7 mmol/L氯化钙处理胡椒可以改善寒害表型,随氯化钙浓度升高寒害表型逐渐加重;外施7 mmol/L氯化钙能够显著改善胡椒的净光合速率,随氯化钙浓度升高,净光合速率越来越低,氯化钙浓度过高时(达到28 mmol/L)净光合速率低于CK;与CK相比,外施7 mmol/L氯化钙能够显著提高抗氧化酶活性、增加可溶性糖含量、降低丙二醛含量。随处理浓度升高,抗氧化酶活性和可溶性糖含量越来越低,丙二醛含量越来越高。本研究结果为胡椒生产上抗寒技术指导和抗寒分子育种提供了参考。

Piper nigrum cv.Reyin1 is widely planted in China and is sensitive to cold stress.Five different concentrations of calcium chloride treatments including 0,7,14,21,28 mmol/L were set to spray black pepper.All the materials were treated with low temperature(10℃/5℃,12 h/12 h)for four days and recovery training(28℃/20℃,12 h/12 h)for six days.The phenotype and physiological indexes were analyzed.Calcium chloride treatment of 7 mmol/L could improve the cold damage phenotype and net photosynthetic rate of black pepper.With Ca2+concentration increasing,the cold damage phenotype gradually aggravated and net photosynthetic rate became lower.Compared with CK,the 7 mmol/L Ca2+treatment could significantly improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes,increase the soluble sugar content and reduce the malondialdehyde content.With the Ca2+treatment concentration increasing,the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the soluble sugar content became lower,and the malondialdehyde content became higher.The results would provide a reference for cold resistance technical guidance and cold resistance molecular breeding in black pepper production.