《墨子》并列式复合动词“比列”“陈执”研究

A Study of the Side-by-side Compound Verb “Bi Lie” and “Chen Zhi” in Mozi

《墨子》复音词数量多,有一些独有复音词,《汉语大词典》却未收录。以《墨子》"比列""陈执"两词为例,考察辨析其句法、语义,可知两词均为并列式复合动词,不见于上古其他典籍,但在中古、近代汉语中偶有用例,结合汉语词汇历时发展来看,可窥见并列式复合词语素组合的可能性与选择性。为呈现汉语词汇的丰富面貌,"比列""陈执"等词宜收入《汉语大词典》等大型汉语词典。

There are many polyphonic words in Mozi, and some unique polysyllabic words are not included in An Unabridged Dictionary of Chinese. Taking the two words "Bi Lie" and "Chen Zhi" in Mozi as an example, the author analyzes its syntax and semantics. It can be seen that both words are side-by-side compound verbs, which are not found in other ancient books, but occasionally in medieval and modern Chinese. The use case, combined with the diachronic development of Chinese vocabulary, can glimpse the possibility and selectivity of the combined morpheme combination. In order to present the rich features of Chinese vocabulary, the words "Bi Lie" and "Chen Zhi" should be included in large Chinese dictionaries such as An Unabridged Dictionary of Chinese.