家庭肠内营养管理在胃肠道疾病营养不良病人中的效果观察

The effect of Home enteral nutrition in malnutrition patients with gastronintestinal diseases

目的:观察家庭肠内营养(HEN)管理在胃肠道疾病营养不良病人中的效果。方法:纳入20例经住院行营养支持治疗后好转但仍伴有营养不良需出院行HEN护理随访的病人,通过专人对HEN病人进行规范化管理,分别在HEN第1、3、6个月时对病人行体质分析,能量代谢营养学血液指标监测,分别与出院前进行比较。结果:20例胃肠道疾病伴营养不良病人人体体成分指标结果显示,HEN第1、3、6个月病人BMI、体脂肪、骨骼肌和蛋白质水平均较出院前有显著提升(P <0.05),差异有统计学意义。HEN第1、3、6个月营养指标(血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白)均较出院前有明显改善(P <0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论:家庭肠内营养管理能够有效改善病人营养指标,增加骨骼肌含量,保证HEN效果。

Objective: To observe the effect of home enteral nutrition(HEN) in patients with malnutrition caused by gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: This study enrolled twenty patients who had improved after nutritional support therapy but still had been malnutrition and needed HEN after discharge. All the patients were supervised standardly by professionally trained nurses. Body composition analysis, Indirect calories measurement and nutrition related haematological index were collected at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after discharge and compared with those before discharge. Results: 20 patients with gastrointestinal diseases and malnutrition were included in this study. BMI, body fat, skeletal muscle and protein levels were significantly increased at 1, 3, and 6 months of HEN compared with those before discharge(P < 0.05). Hemoglobin, albumin, prealbumin and transferrin were significantly increased at 1, 3, and 6 months of HEN compared with those before discharge(P < 0.05). Conclusion: The standardized supervision of patients receiving HEN can effectively improve the nutritional indexes, skeletal muscle mass of patients, and ensure the effect of HEN.