肌少症临床诊治研究现状

Current Status and Progress of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Sarcopenia

随着机体衰老,人类的肌量、肌力、身体机能呈现不可避免的下滑趋势。老年人发生跌倒、骨折、死亡等意外的概率增加,导致生活质量显著降低。这种增龄性骨骼肌系统的变化被称为“肌少症”。目前对肌少症的研究刚刚起步,多认为这是年龄增长、神经肌肉功能改变、激素变化、营养物质缺乏、内分泌紊乱、多种慢性疾病共存、炎症、药物不良反应、遗传、早期生命质量、细胞自噬与凋亡等多因素综合的结果。医学界对于该病的认识尚未达成一致。综合各种病理机制,多手段联合有望显著改善肌少症患者的生活质量,延缓疾病进展。

With the aging of the body,human muscle mass,muscle strength,and body functions show an inevitable downward trend.The incidence of falls,fractures,deaths and other accidents in the elderly increased,resulting in a significant reduction in life quality.This change in the age-related skeletal muscle system is called sarcopenia.At present,the research on sarcopenia has just started.Many believe that this is the result of aging,neuromuscular function changes,hormone changes,nutrient deficiency,endocrine disorders,coexistence of a variety of chronic diseases,inflammation,adverse drug reactions,genetics,early life quality,autophagy and apoptosis and other factors.The medical community has not yet reached an agreement on the disease.Combined with various pathological mechanisms,the combination of multiple means is expected to significantly improve the quality of life of patients with sarcopenia and delay the progression of the disease.