甘露寡糖对肠道健康和免疫的调控机制及其在畜禽生产中的应用

Regulation Mechanism of Mannan Oligosaccharide on Intestinal Health and Immunity and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry Production

过去几十年来,由于饲用抗生素在畜牧养殖业中的滥用,导致畜禽正常的肠道菌群被破坏并引起肠道细菌耐药性和环境污染等一系列问题,严重损害了畜禽的肠道健康。同时,近年来集约化养殖已经成为畜牧业的发展方向,养殖规模越来越大,如何有效地提高畜禽免疫力已然成为重点的研究方向。健康的肠道是保障畜禽健康生长的基础,保持健康的肠道菌群,能有效提高动物机体的免疫力和抗病能力。甘露寡糖是一种绿色新型饲料添加剂,作为一类功能性寡糖,具有改善畜禽肠道健康和提高免疫应答等作用。在猪生产中,添加甘露寡糖能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能和免疫力。在家禽生产中,添加甘露寡糖能够改善家禽肠道菌群并提高生产性能和肉品质。作者主要介绍了甘露寡糖的结构及理化性质、改善肠道健康和免疫调控机制及其在断奶仔猪、育肥猪、蛋鸡和肉鸡生产中的应用效果。重点总结了甘露寡糖对畜禽肠道健康和免疫的调控机制及免疫途径,旨在为甘露寡糖在肠道健康和免疫调控方面的深入研究及其在畜禽养殖中的应用提供理论依据。

In the past few decades,due to the abuse of feed antibiotics in animal husbandry,the normal intestinal flora of livestock and poultry has been destroyed and caused a series of problems such as intestinal bacterial resistance and environmental pollution,seriously damaged livestock and poultry intestinal health.At the same time,intensive farming has become the development direction of animal husbandry in recent years,and the scale of breeding is getting bigger and bigger.How to effectively improve the immunity of livestock and poultry has become the focus of research.A healthy intestinal tract is the basis for ensuring the healthy growth of livestock and poultry.Maintaining a healthy intestinal flora can effectively improve the immunity and disease resistance of the animal body.Mannan oligosaccharides is a new green feed additive.As a kind of functional oligosaccharide,it has the functions of improving intestinal health and improving immune response of livestock and poultry.In pig production,the addition of mannan oligosaccharides can improve the growth performance and immunity of weaned piglets.In poultry production,the addition of mannan oligosaccharides can improve the intestinal flora of poultry and improve production performance and meat quality.The article mainly introduces the structure and physicochemical properties of mannan oligosaccharides,improves intestinal health and immune regulation mechanism and its application in weaned piglets,finishing pigs,laying hens and broiler chickens.The paper summarizes the regulation mechanism and immune pathway of mannan oligosaccharides on intestinal health and immunity of livestock and poultry,and aims to provide theoretical basis for the in-depth study of manno oligosaccharides in intestinal health and immune regulation and its application in livestock and poultry breeding.