自制有机生态型无土栽培基质育苗效果

Effect on the seedling effect of self-made organic ecotype soilless substrate

为发掘和利用青海当地有机废弃物牛粪和油菜秸秆的资源价值,将牛粪和油菜秸秆混合均匀在温室中堆制无土栽培基质,以番茄、生菜、黄瓜为试材测定不同配比复合基质处理下各幼苗的成活率及生长量,分析不同配比复合基质的育苗效果。结果表明:利用牛粪与油菜秸秆堆制的腐熟有机基质育苗效果良好,其中T3处理(腐熟基质与草炭的体积比为1∶1)的番茄、生菜、黄瓜幼苗成苗率分别达到97.22%、97.22%和86.11%,幼苗地上地下部生长量显著优于除对照外的其他处理,株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量等生长指标均较好;T2处理(100%腐熟基质)育苗效果最差,其成苗率、生长指标、叶绿素含量等均低于其他几组处理。综上,只要复合基质配比合理,腐熟有机基质可以部分代替草炭作为蔬菜穴盘育苗基质。

In order to explore and utilize the resource value of local organic wastes cow manure and rape straw in Qinghai,cattle manure and rape straw were mixed evenly and piled up in greenhouse to form soilless cultivation substrate.Tomato,lettuce and cucumber were used as experimental materials to studied the survival rate and growth of each seedling treated with different ratios of composite matrix and to analyze the seedling effect of the compound matrix.The results showed that the mature organic substrate with cow manure and pare straw was instrumental in cultivating seedlings.For example,the seedling rates of tomato,lettuce and cucumber seedlings treated with T3(the volume ratio between mature substrate and peat was 1:1)reached 97.22%,97.22%and 86.11%,respectively.The growth of the above ground and the underground parts of seedlings in T3 was significantly better than other treatments except the control so were the growth indices,such as plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content,of the seedlings in T3.T2 treatment(100%maturesubstrate)had the worst seedling growth effect,that is,the seedling rate,growth index and chlorophyll content were lower than other treatments.In conclude,the experiment indicated that,as long as the substrate compound ratio was reasonable,decomposed organic substrate could partially replace peat as the substrate for vegetable seedlings.