急进高原新兵状态-特质焦虑、抑郁及相关因素

Study on the state-trait anxiety,depression and related factors among new recruits rushing into plateau

目的:探讨急进高原新兵状态-特质焦虑、抑郁特点及相关因素。方法:采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、创伤后应激障碍自评量表(PCL-C)、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)、神经质量表(Nf)对急进高原800名新兵进行团体心理测评。结果:①急进高原新兵状态、特质焦虑发生率分别为30.1%和31.4%,其中,重度状态、特质焦虑发生率分别为3.1%和2.3%,抑郁发生率为19.5%,其中,重度抑郁为0.4%;②急进高原新兵SDS得分显著高于平原新兵(t=2.462;P<0.05)。SAI和TAI得分显著低于平原新兵(t=-3.681,-4.509;P<0.01);③急进高原新兵年龄≤18岁组TAI得分显著高于≥21岁组(F=3.534;P<0.05),文化程度低组TAI得分显著高于文化程度高组(t=2.426;P<0.05);④STAI得分和SDS得分与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、失眠、神经质、高原反应呈显著正相关(r=0.286~0.679;P<0.01)。结论:急进高原新兵存在状态、特质焦虑以及抑郁。特质焦虑呈现一定的年龄和文化特征,状态-特质焦虑、抑郁与创伤后应激、失眠、神经质、高原反应密切相关。

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of recruits’state-trait anxiety,depression and related factors who rush into plateau.Methods:The state-trait anxiety inquiry(STAI),self-rating depression scale(SDS),post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-Chinese version(PCL-C),Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),and neuroticism factor scale(Nf)were applied to conduct a group psychological assessment among 800 recruits.Results:①The incidence of new recruits’state and trait anxiety were 30.1%and 31.4%respectively.Among these,severe state and trait anxiety incidence were 3.1%and 2.3%respectively.Incidence of depression was 19.5%.Among them,severe depression was 0.4%.②Plateau recruits’SDS score was significantly higher than that of the plain recruits(t=2.462;P<0.05),and SAI and TAI scores were significantly lower than plain recruits(t=-3.681,-4.509;P<0.01).③TAI score of the plateau recruits who are≤18 years old was significantly higher than those≥21 years old(F=3.534;P<0.05).TAI scores of low education level group were significantly higher than those of high education level group(t=2.426;P<0.05).④STAI scores and SDS scores were significantly positively correlated with post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),insomnia,neuroticism,and high altitude reactions(r=0.286~0.679;P<0.01).Conclusion:New recruits rushing into plateau have state-trait anxiety and depression.Trait anxiety varies across age and cultural groups.State-trait anxiety and depression are closely related with post-traumatic stress,insomnia,neuroticism and altitude reactions.