大学生主动性人格与学业拖延:成就动机的中介作用和未来时间洞察力的调节作用

Proactive personality and academic procrastination of undergraduates:Mediating effect of achievement motivation and regulating function of future time perspective

目的:以人格特质理论、时间动机理论为基础考察大学生主动性人格与学业拖延的关系,探究成就动机的中介作用和未来时间洞察力的调节作用。方法:采用主动性人格量表、学业拖延评述量表、成就动机量表、未来时间洞察力量表对813名大学生施测。结果:①大学生主动性人格与学业拖延显著负相关(r=-0.22,P<0.01);②大学生成就动机在主动性人格和学业拖延之间起中介作用(β=-0.31,P<0.01);③大学生未来时间洞察力显著调节成就动机在主动性人格与学业拖延之间中介作用的后半段(bsimple=-0.37,P<0.01)。结论:成就动机中介作用主动性人格和学业拖延的过程受到个体未来时间洞察力的调节。即当个体的未来时间洞察力高的时候,大学生主动性人格通过成就动机减少学业拖延,但当个体未来时间洞察力低时,该中介路径不显著。

Objective:On the basis of personality trait theory and temporal motivation theory,this paper investigates the relationship between proactive personality and academic procrastination,and explores the mediating role of achievement motivation and the adjustment of future time perspective.Methods:A total of 813 college students were tested by proactive personality scale,academic procrastination rating scale,achievement motivation scale and future time perspective scale.Results:①Proactive personality of college students and academic procrastination significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.22,P<0.01).②College students’ achievement motivation played an intermediary role between proactive personality and academic procrastination(β=-0.31,P<0.01).③College students’ future time perspective significantly regulated.The second half of the mediating effect between proactive personality and academic procrastination(bsimple=-0.37,P<0.01).Conclusion:The process of intermediary proactive personality and academic procrastination of achievement motivation is regulated by individual future time perspective.For the individuals with high perspective of future time,the mediating effect of achievement motivation is significant,but the intermediary effect of achievement motivation is not significant for individuals with low perspective of future time.