流感及流感疫苗与心血管疾病的关系

Relationship between influenza and influenza vaccine and cardiovascular diseases

流感是威胁全人类健康的重大公共卫生问题,具有传播范围广、发病率高、传播速度快的特点。心血管疾病等慢性病的患者患流感后会引起症状持续时间延长、并发症的发生及原发病的加重。我国心血管疾病的患病率逐年上升,心血管疾病的预防工作任重道远。大量研究显示流感是心血管不良事件发生的危险因素,接种流感疫苗可以降低心血管不良事件发生的风险。由于流感病毒的变异性、流感的季节性特点等不可控因素,对于流感与心血管疾病发生的关系及接种流感疫苗是否能够降低心血管不良事件的风险,目前仍存在较大争议。本综述汇总了国内外相关研究,旨在为心血管疾病的二级预防提供新的方向。

Influenza is a major public health problem that threatens the health of all human beings.The flu is different from the common cold and has the characteristics of wide spread,high incidence and rapid spread.Patients with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease may cause prolonged symptoms,complications,and aggravation of the primary disease.The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in China has increased year by year,and the prevention of cardiovascular disease has a long way to go.Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis.Numerous studies have shown that influenza is a risk factor for cardiovascular adverse events,and vaccination against influenza can reduce the risk of cardiovascular adverse events.Due to the uncontrollable factors such as the variability of influenza virus and the seasonal characteristics of influenza,the relationship between influenza,cardiovascular disease and whether the flu vaccine can reduce the risk of cardiovascular adverse events is still controversial,which may be related to the size of the sample,the climatic factors,the choice of the research object,the research design method and the setting of the study endpoint.This review summarizes relevant research at home and abroad and aims to provide a new direction for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.