2013-2017年平顶山市流感监测分析

Surveillance on influenza in Pingdingshan in 2013-2017

目的分析2013-2017年平顶山市流感流行特征,为流感防控措施的制定提供科学依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统,收集哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)报告情况,对符合采样要求的ILI采集鼻咽拭子,用realtime PCR方法检测流感病毒亚型,开展病原学监测。结果2013-2017年共上报ILI 35979例ILI,平均为2.88%;主要集中5岁以下儿童(50.61%);共采集ILI标本3299份,检出阳性标本575份,阳性率为17.43%;其中季节H3型占45.57%,B型占33.04%,新H1N1占21.22%。男女检出率差异无统计学意义;阳性标本主要集中在15岁以下儿童,特别是学生和幼托儿童。结论某市近几年流感流行处于较低水平,无明显高发趋势;在流行季节,季节性H3型,B型和新H1N1型交替出现,以季节性H3型为主;学生和托幼儿童防控流感暴发疫情的重点人群。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of influenza in a city and to provide evidence for refining influenza prevention and control strategies.Methods We obtained influenza-like illness(ILI)data from the Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information System,the throat swabs were collected from ILI and examined by real-time PCR.Results During 2013 to 2017,a total of 385979 cases of ILI were reported and the average visit percentage of ILI was 2.88%.The reported ILI was concentrated on children under 5 years of age.A total of 3299 samples were tested and 575 cases were found to have positive specificity nucleic acid of influenza virus with a positive rate of 17.43%,including influenza A(H3)virus(45.57%),influenza A(H1N1) virus (21.22%) and influenza B virus(33.04%).The difference of the positive rate between male and female was not statistically significant.The positive specimens were mainly concentrated on children under 15 years of age,especially students and young children in kindergarten.Conclusions The epidemic of influenza was going at a low level.Influenza A(H3)virus was to be the predominant strains,besides,influenza A(H1N1)virus and influenza B virus were found alternately.Students and young children in kindergarten were the high risk population in the prevention and control of influenza epidemic.