护理风险评估在精神科监护期患者中的应用

Application of nursing risk assessment in psychiatric patients

目的探讨护理风险评估在精神科监护期患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年4月至2019年3月在某二级精神病专科医院住院的精神科监护期患者234例,2017年4月至2018年3月的120例设为对照组,2018年4月至2019年3月的114例设为观察组。对照组从入院主因、临床表现、入院护理安检及家庭支持系统等四方面进行护理风险评估;观察组在原有评估内容的基础上增加《精神科住院患者行为风险筛查评估表》等8个量表进行评估,评估后采取相应的护理干预措施。结果风险评估量表使用后,观察组风险评估精准度提高且可以区分高中低风险等级,监护天数下降、约束患者人数下降,护士掌握病情情况显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论精神科监护期患者采取系统、规范的风险管理能提高风险评估精准度,区分不同的风险等级,为采取个性化干预措施提供依据,降低不良事件发生率。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing risk assessment in psychiatric patients.Methods A total of 234 psychiatric patients hospitalized in a secondary psychiatric hospital from April 2017 to March 2019 were selected,120 patients from April 2017 to March 2018 were selected as the control group,and 114 patients from April 2018 to March 2019 were selected as the observation group.The control group carried out nursing risk assessment from four aspects:main cause of admission,clinical manifestations,security check of admission nursing and family support system.On the basis of the original assessment content,the observation group added 8 scales such as Behavioral Risk Screening and Assessment Form for Psychiatric Inpatients for evaluation,and then took corresponding nursing intervention measures.Results After the use of the risk assessment scale,the accuracy of risk assessment in the observation group was improved and the high,medium and low risk levels could be distinguished.The number of days of monitoring decreased,the number of patients under constraint decreased,and the nurses'grasp of the disease significantly improved,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions Systematic and standardized risk management can improve the accuracy of risk assessment,distinguish different risk levels,provide basis for individualized intervention measures,and reduce the incidence of adverse events.