化学氧化消减装置研发及其应急处理氨氮污染水源

Development of Chemical Oxidation and Abatement Device and Its Emergency Treatment of Ammonia Nitrogen Polluted Drinking Water Source

以氨氮为污染物,设计研发了一款便捷可拼装式化学氧化消减装置用于应急处理突发环境事件,探讨了氨氮浓度、氧化剂投量、pH值、反应时间对氨氮去除效果的影响,并对装置运行参数包括进出水口高度以及搅拌方式、时间和速度进行了优化。结果表明,在常规pH值条件下,当水中氨氮浓度超标5、10、20倍时分别投加1.7、1.9、15 mL/L次氯酸钠,反应40 min,基本能使水中氨氮浓度降到Ⅲ类地表水限值(1.0 mg/L)以下。化学氧化消减装置最佳运行参数如下:进水口和出水口分别设计在水池有效深度的9/10和1/2处;搅拌方式选用机械搅拌,搅拌速度不低于75r/min,搅拌时间不少于3 min。

A flexible modular chemical oxidation and abatement device was developed to deal with environmental emergencies with ammonia nitrogen pollution.The effects of ammonia nitrogen concentration,oxidant dosage,pH value,and reaction time on the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen were studied.The operation parameters including water inlet and outlet height,stirring mode,stirring time,and stirring speed were optimized.The optimum sodium hypochlorite dosage for the oxidative removal of ammonia nitrogen in the condition of normal pH were 1.7 mL/L,1.9 mL/L and 15 mL/L when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water was 5 times,10 times,and 20 times higher than that specified limit in the standard,respectively.In 40 minutes of reaction time,the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water was reduced to below classⅢlimit(1.0 mg/L)in the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water.In addition,the optimum parameters for the operation of the chemical oxidation and abatement device were as follows:the water inlet and outlet height were designed at 9/10 and 1/2 of the effective depth of the water tank;chose mechanical stirring,maintained the stirring speed above 75 r/min and the stirring time no less than 3 minutes.